SSC CGL 2025 PYQs

Concept: Corporate appointment, March 2025.

1. Rajneet Kohli was named Executive Director, Foods at Hindustan Unilever Ltd.
2. He earlier served as CEO of Britannia Industries.
3. Nitin Paranjpe is an ex-HUL CEO; Gopal Vittal is linked with Bharti Airtel.

Yaad rakhein: HUL is the Indian subsidiary of Unilever, headquartered in Mumbai.

Answer: (C) Rajneet Kohli

Concept: Kangra Fort (Himachal Pradesh) is a stone fort of the Katoch rulers.

1. Its grandeur comes from gateways with arches, domed structures and carved stone/rock work.
2. Stained glass, bamboo–clay or steel towers do not belong to this ancient fort.

Yaad rakhein: Kangra Fort, near Dharamshala, is considered the largest fort in the Himalayas.

Answer: (A) Arches, domes and rock carvings

Concept: Salhesh is a folk deity-hero of the Mithila region (Bihar–Nepal).

1. During the festival a priest-performer (Bhagat) with Manarias recreates the Salhesh legends dramatically.
2. This storytelling-performance is its distinct feature, not monk prayers or sword dances.

Yaad rakhein: Salhesh is especially revered by the Dusadh community of Mithila.

Answer: (A) Dramatic retelling of Salhesh legends by a Bhagat and Manarias

Concept: Each dynasty has its key inscription.

1. Allahabad Pillar (Prayag Prashasti) by Harishena describes Samudragupta's conquests → Guptas.
2. Nasik → Satavahanas; Aihole (Ravikirti) → Chalukyas; Junagadh → Shaka ruler Rudradaman.

Yaad rakhein: Samudragupta is called the 'Napoleon of India' (V.A. Smith), based on this inscription.

Answer: (A) Allahabad Pillar Inscription of Samudragupta

Concept: Swapnil Kusale won India's first Olympic medal in 50 m Rifle 3 Positions.

1. Swapnil Kusale (Maharashtra) took bronze at Paris 2024.
2. Abhinav Bindra (gold, 2008) and Gagan Narang (bronze, 2012) won in 10 m air rifle, not 3P.

Yaad rakhein: India won 6 medals at Paris 2024 (1 silver, 5 bronze); 3 of them came from shooting.

Answer: (A) Swapnil Kusale

Concept: Check each statement against the dynasty order: Slave → Khalji → Tughlaq → Sayyid → Lodi.

1. 1: Ghori died in 1206 and his slave-general Aibak started the Mamluk line ✓
2. 2: Balban was a Slave-dynasty Sultan, not Khalji, and not the first ruler ✗

Trick: Order mnemonic 'Sab Khao Tum Sab Log' = Slave, Khalji, Tughlaq, Sayyid, Lodi.

Answer: (B) Only 1

Concept: The first Indian Factory Act (Lord Ripon) aimed at protecting vulnerable workers.

1. It banned children under 7 from factory work and limited children's hours to 9 a day.
2. The 1891 Act extended hour-limits to women (11 hours); together they regulated women's and children's working hours.
3. It did not fix wages or machinery safety codes.

Yaad rakhein: Lord Ripon is also known for the Local Self-Government Resolution of 1882.

Answer: (D) working hours of women and children

Concept: Identify the genre: the book is non-fiction.

1. It discusses India's economic growth and social issues → statement 1 ✓
2. It is not a novel/fictional story on the freedom struggle → statement 2 ✗

Trick: When one statement calls a policy book 'fiction', it is usually the false one.

Answer: (B) Only statement 1 is correct

Concept: Air sinks over high pressure, so the sky stays clear.

1. Oct–Nov: the low-pressure trough over the northern plains weakens and high pressure builds.
2. Winds blow outward from land, carrying no moisture → clear skies, dry weather (A true).
3. This pressure shift is the cause → R explains A.

Yaad rakhein: The retreating monsoon gives Tamil Nadu its main rainfall, and the hot-humid 'October heat' appears in the north.

Answer: (A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

Concept: A bill only on imposing, abolishing or changing a tax is a Money Bill.

1. Defined in Article 110; the Lok Sabha Speaker certifies it.
2. Introduced only in Lok Sabha with the President's recommendation; Rajya Sabha can hold it for 14 days only.

Yaad rakhein: Every Money Bill is a Financial Bill, but not every Financial Bill is a Money Bill.

Answer: (D) Money

Concept: I = Σ m r², where r is distance from the chosen axis.

1. It has no direction → treated as a scalar (for a fixed axis).
2. Change the axis → r changes → I changes (parallel/perpendicular axis theorems).

Trick: r in the formula is measured from the axis, so I must depend on the axis — eliminate (A) and (D).

Answer: (B) is a scalar quantity, dependent on the axis

Concept: UIP gives free vaccines against 12 vaccine-preventable diseases.

1. Started in 1985 (as EPI in 1978).
2. Diseases include TB, polio, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, measles, rubella, hepatitis B, Hib, rotavirus, pneumococcal pneumonia and Japanese encephalitis = 12.

Yaad rakhein: Mission Indradhanush (2014) was launched to speed up full immunisation under UIP.

Answer: (A) 12

Concept: The report is released by the World Economic Forum (WEF).

1. India ranked 131 of 148 countries in 2025, down from 129 in 2024 — it slipped.
2. So it neither rose nor entered the top 20.

Yaad rakhein: Iceland has topped the Global Gender Gap Index for over a decade.

Answer: (D) India slipped in its global rank

Concept: Budget = revenue budget + capital budget.

1. Revenue account (revenue receipts + revenue expenditure) is called the revenue budget.
2. Capital account deals with assets/liabilities, e.g. loans, disinvestment.

Yaad rakhein: Revenue deficit = revenue expenditure − revenue receipts.

Answer: (B) Revenue budget

Concept: Jhumar of Jharkhand has male and female forms.

1. 1: Group harvest dance with mandar and nagara ✓
2. 2: Mardani Jhumar is danced by men; the women's form is Janani Jhumar ✗

Trick: 'Mardani' sounds like 'mard' (man) — so 'exclusively by women' must be false.

Answer: (B) Only 1 correct

Concept: Gohpur is in Assam (Sonitpur area).

1. On 20 September 1942 Kanaklata Barua, aged 17, led a group to hoist the tricolour at Gohpur police station.
2. She was shot by police; she is honoured as 'Birbala'.

Yaad rakhein: An Indian Coast Guard Fast Patrol Vessel is named ICGS Kanaklata Barua.

Answer: (D) Assam

Concept: Baji Raut of Dhenkanal, Odisha, was 12 years old.

1. In October 1938, as a boat boy on the Brahmani river, he refused to ferry British police.
2. He was shot dead at age 12 — India's youngest freedom martyr.

Yaad rakhein: His sacrifice was linked to the Praja Mandal movement against the Dhenkanal king.

Answer: (D) 12 years

Concept: River rejuvenation under NMCG, 2025.

1. The Yamuna was taken up for focused restoration under the aquatic ecosystem mission in 2025.
2. It is the Ganga's largest tributary and highly polluted in the Delhi stretch.

Yaad rakhein: The Yamuna rises at Yamunotri glacier and joins the Ganga at Prayagraj (Sangam).

Answer: (C) Yamuna River

Concept: IPR 1956 aimed at a state-led, planned (socialist-pattern) economy.

1. Industries were split into Schedules A, B, C with a dominant public sector.
2. Licensing even for expansion let the government control what, how much and where production happened.

Yaad rakhein: IPR 1956 is often called the 'Economic Constitution of India'.

Answer: (A) To keep production under government control

Concept: The President may set up the Inter-State Council under Article 263.

1. 1 ✓ Article 263.
2. 2 ✓ It can inquire into and advise on disputes and common-interest subjects.
3. 3 ✓ PM is chairman; CMs and six Union Cabinet ministers are members.

Yaad rakhein: It was first set up in 1990 on the Sarkaria Commission's recommendation.

Answer: (D) 1, 2 and 3