airGurukul
Log in

SSC CGL · 4,800 questions

SSC CGL 2025 PYQs

Real previous year questions, subject-wise. Try the question, then open the answer and the explanation in Hindi & English – free, no login.

Complete solved eBook Mock tests
Courses – airGurukul

1,200 questions in English Comprehension.

Q641.
Select the correct spelling.
  1. APithy
  2. BPithon
  3. CPathatic
  4. DPithiy
Show answer

Concept: Pithy = short but full of meaning (a pithy remark).

  1. Pithy ✓ – correct spelling.
  2. Pithon ✗ (python), Pathatic ✗ (pathetic), Pithiy ✗ (extra i).

Yaad rakhein: Pithy comes from 'pith' – the essential core; its comparative is 'pithier', but the base form has no 'i' before y.

Answer: (A) Pithy

अवधारणा: Pithy = संक्षिप्त पर अर्थपूर्ण (जैसे pithy remark)।

हल:

  1. Pithy ✓ – सही वर्तनी।
  2. Pithon ✗ (python), Pathatic ✗ (pathetic), Pithiy ✗ (अतिरिक्त i)।

याद रखें: Pithy 'pith' (सार/मूल भाग) से बना है; मूल रूप में y से पहले i नहीं आता।

उत्तर: (A) Pithy

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionSpelling – pithySSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 2
Q642.
Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
1. This incessant demand strains natural resources, from forests to freshwater, often beyond their regenerative capacities.
2. The escalating problem of excessive consumption is a defining characteristic of modern industrial societies.
3. It is driven by various factors, including aggressive marketing, planned obsolescence, and societal pressures to acquire more.
4. Ultimately, curbing excessive consumption is crucial for environmental sustainability and equitable resource distribution globally.
  1. A3-1-2-4
  2. B1-2-4-3
  3. C2-3-1-4
  4. D2-4-1-3
Show answer

Concept: Order: introduce topic → causes → effects → conclusion.

  1. 2 introduces the problem (opening, no pronoun).
  2. 3 'It is driven by…' – 'It' refers to the problem in 2 → causes.
  3. 1 'This incessant demand strains…' → effect; 4 'Ultimately…' → conclusion. Order: 2-3-1-4.

Trick: Sentences starting with 'It/This' can never open a paragraph; 'Ultimately' always closes – only 2-3-1-4 fits both.

Answer: (C) 2-3-1-4

अवधारणा: क्रम: विषय परिचय → कारण → प्रभाव → निष्कर्ष।

हल:

  1. 2 समस्या का परिचय देता है (कोई सर्वनाम नहीं) → पहला।
  2. 3 'It is driven by…' – 'It' = 2 वाली समस्या → कारण।
  3. 1 'This incessant demand…' → प्रभाव; 4 'Ultimately…' → निष्कर्ष। क्रम: 2-3-1-4।

ट्रिक: 'It/This' से शुरू वाक्य पहले नहीं आते; 'Ultimately' अंत में – केवल 2-3-1-4 दोनों शर्तें पूरी करता है।

उत्तर: (C) 2-3-1-4

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionPara jumble – excessive consumptionSSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 2
Q643.
Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
1. This can lead to increased consumer spending and business investment.
2. Central banks often implement monetary policies to manage inflation and economic growth.
3. Lowering interest rates is one such tool, making borrowing cheaper.
4. However, these policies must be carefully balanced to avoid overheating the economy.
  1. A1-2-3-4
  2. B2-3-1-4
  3. C3-1-2-4
  4. D2-4-1-3
Show answer

Concept: General statement → specific tool → its effect → caution/contrast.

  1. 2 is the general opener about central banks' monetary policy.
  2. 3 'one such tool' – refers to policies in 2.
  3. 1 'This can lead to…' – effect of cheaper borrowing; 4 'However…' – closing caution. Order: 2-3-1-4.

Trick: Link words: 'one such' needs a list before it; 'This' needs an action before it; 'However' adds a counterpoint at the end.

Answer: (B) 2-3-1-4

अवधारणा: सामान्य कथन → विशेष उपाय → उसका प्रभाव → सावधानी/विरोध।

हल:

  1. 2 केंद्रीय बैंकों की मौद्रिक नीति का सामान्य परिचय → पहला।
  2. 3 'one such tool' – 2 की नीतियों का उदाहरण।
  3. 1 'This can lead to…' – सस्ते ऋण का प्रभाव; 4 'However…' – अंतिम सावधानी। क्रम: 2-3-1-4।

ट्रिक: 'one such' से पहले सूची चाहिए, 'This' से पहले कोई क्रिया, 'However' अंत में विरोध बताता है।

उत्तर: (B) 2-3-1-4

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionPara jumble – monetary policySSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 2
Q644.
Choose the one-word substitute for the highlighted part:
The hospital has a building where dead bodies are kept temporarily before post-mortem and final rites.
  1. ASanctuary
  2. BSepulcher
  3. CCrematorium
  4. DMortuary
Show answer

Concept: Mortuary = a place where dead bodies are kept until post-mortem, burial or cremation.

  1. Sepulcher – a tomb/burial vault.
  2. Crematorium – where bodies are burnt.
  3. Sanctuary – a place of refuge or protection. So 'mortuary' fits.

Yaad rakhein: Mort = death (mortal, mortality, post-mortem) – links straight to 'mortuary'.

Answer: (D) Mortuary

अवधारणा: Mortuary = वह स्थान जहाँ शव पोस्टमार्टम या अंतिम संस्कार तक रखे जाते हैं।

हल:

  1. Sepulcher – कब्र/समाधि।
  2. Crematorium – शवदाह गृह।
  3. Sanctuary – शरण स्थल। अतः 'mortuary' सही।

याद रखें: Mort = मृत्यु (mortal, mortality, post-mortem) – सीधे 'mortuary' से जुड़ता है।

उत्तर: (D) Mortuary

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionOne-word substitution – mortuarySSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 2
Q645.
Select the correct indirect/direct form of the given sentence.
She concluded that the experimental results might have been skewed had the environmental variables not been rigorously controlled.
  1. AShe concluded, "The experimental results might have been skewed if the environmental variables had not been rigorously controlled."
  2. BShe concluded, "The experimental results may have been skewed if the environmental variables were not rigorously controlled."
  3. CShe concluded, "The experimental results will be skewed if the environmental variables are not rigorously controlled."
  4. DShe concluded, "The experimental results might be skewed had the environmental variables not been rigorously controlled."
Show answer

Concept: Type-3 (unreal past) conditionals keep their form in reported speech, so the direct form is the same structure.

  1. Inverted 'had the variables not been controlled' = 'if the variables had not been controlled'.
  2. Main clause stays 'might have been skewed' (modal + have + V3).
  3. (B) loses the past perfect, (C) is a type-1 conditional, (D) drops 'have'.

Trick: Type-3 formula: If + had + V3 → would/might/could + have + V3 – only (A) has both halves right.

Answer: (A) She concluded, "The experimental results might have been skewed if the environmental variables had not been rigorously controlled."

अवधारणा: तीसरे प्रकार (अवास्तविक भूत) के शर्त वाक्य narration में अपना रूप नहीं बदलते।

हल:

  1. 'had the variables not been controlled' = 'if the variables had not been controlled'।
  2. मुख्य भाग 'might have been skewed' (modal + have + V3) वैसा ही।
  3. (B) में past perfect नहीं, (C) type-1 है, (D) में 'have' गायब।

ट्रिक: Type-3 सूत्र: If + had + V3 → would/might/could + have + V3 – केवल (A) में दोनों भाग सही।

उत्तर: (A) She concluded, "The experimental results might have been skewed if the environmental variables had not been rigorously controlled."

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionNarration – indirect to direct (conditional)SSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 2
Directions (Qs. 96-100): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

In an age characterized by constant connection and excessive information, the idea of being alone has become both rare and vital. Rather than being the same as loneliness, solitude signifies a mindful retreat — a purposeful effort to recover mental clarity and inner calm. Throughout history, thinkers, writers, and inventors have sought time in seclusion as a means for profound thought and invention. In solitude, the mind is free from social expectations, allowing ideas to form in their pure and unfiltered state. Yet today, solitude is often misunderstood, seen as unproductive or antisocial. The dominance of digital interaction has weakened our ability to spend time alone, replacing self-reflection with continuous stimulation. Messages, feeds, and the reward loop of online approval sustain a cycle of distraction that divides focus and reduces awareness. On a psychological level, being alone provides a moment for emotional balance. It allows people to interpret their experiences without the pressure of comparison or approval. Scientific studies indicate that deliberate solitude activates the brain’s resting network, connected to memory, identity, and imagination. Interestingly, individuals who regularly spend time alone often show stronger empathy and social connection, as they engage with others from a stable sense of self rather than dependence. Culturally, however, the glorification of busyness and constant activity has made solitude seem unusual. Communities that measure value by output tend to ignore the restorative role of stillness. Regaining solitude, therefore, requires both structural and personal adjustments — defining achievement not only by what one does but also by what one understands. True solitude is not withdrawal from the world, but a considered return to oneself.
Q646.
Select the most appropriate antonym of "restorative" as per the given sentence from the passage:
Communities that measure value by output tend to ignore the restorative role of stillness.
  1. AEnergizing
  2. BRefreshing
  3. CExhausting
  4. DHealing
Show answer

Concept: Restorative = bringing back energy, health or calm.

  1. In the passage, stillness is said to renew the mind – a 'restorative' role.
  2. Opposite = something that drains energy → 'exhausting'.
  3. Energizing, refreshing, healing are all synonyms.

Trick: Three options are positive and alike – the lone negative word is the antonym.

Answer: (C) Exhausting

अवधारणा: Restorative = ऊर्जा, स्वास्थ्य या शांति लौटाने वाला।

हल:

  1. गद्यांश में शांति (stillness) को मन को फिर से ताज़ा करने वाला बताया गया है।
  2. विलोम = ऊर्जा खत्म करने वाला → 'exhausting'।
  3. Energizing, refreshing, healing – सभी पर्यायवाची।

ट्रिक: तीन विकल्प सकारात्मक व समान हों तो अकेला नकारात्मक शब्द ही विलोम।

उत्तर: (C) Exhausting

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionRC – antonym of 'restorative'SSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 2
Directions (Qs. 96-100): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

In an age characterized by constant connection and excessive information, the idea of being alone has become both rare and vital. Rather than being the same as loneliness, solitude signifies a mindful retreat — a purposeful effort to recover mental clarity and inner calm. Throughout history, thinkers, writers, and inventors have sought time in seclusion as a means for profound thought and invention. In solitude, the mind is free from social expectations, allowing ideas to form in their pure and unfiltered state. Yet today, solitude is often misunderstood, seen as unproductive or antisocial. The dominance of digital interaction has weakened our ability to spend time alone, replacing self-reflection with continuous stimulation. Messages, feeds, and the reward loop of online approval sustain a cycle of distraction that divides focus and reduces awareness. On a psychological level, being alone provides a moment for emotional balance. It allows people to interpret their experiences without the pressure of comparison or approval. Scientific studies indicate that deliberate solitude activates the brain’s resting network, connected to memory, identity, and imagination. Interestingly, individuals who regularly spend time alone often show stronger empathy and social connection, as they engage with others from a stable sense of self rather than dependence. Culturally, however, the glorification of busyness and constant activity has made solitude seem unusual. Communities that measure value by output tend to ignore the restorative role of stillness. Regaining solitude, therefore, requires both structural and personal adjustments — defining achievement not only by what one does but also by what one understands. True solitude is not withdrawal from the world, but a considered return to oneself.
Q647.
According to the passage, how does solitude contribute to emotional health?
  1. ABy isolating people from social judgment.
  2. BBy encouraging suppression of emotions.
  3. CBy helping individuals process experiences calmly and clearly.
  4. DBy promoting dependence on external validation.
Show answer

Concept: Locate the 'psychological level' lines of the passage.

  1. The passage says time alone gives emotional balance.
  2. It lets a person understand what they went through, free from comparing themselves or seeking approval.
  3. That matches 'processing experiences calmly and clearly' – option (C).

Trick: Options with 'suppression', 'dependence' or 'isolating' contradict the passage's positive tone – eliminate them.

Answer: (C) By helping individuals process experiences calmly and clearly.

अवधारणा: गद्यांश में 'psychological level' वाली पंक्तियाँ देखें।

हल:

  1. गद्यांश के अनुसार एकांत भावनात्मक संतुलन देता है।
  2. व्यक्ति तुलना या स्वीकृति के दबाव के बिना अपने अनुभव समझ पाता है।
  3. यह 'अनुभवों को शांति व स्पष्टता से समझना' – विकल्प (C) से मेल खाता है।

ट्रिक: 'suppression', 'dependence', 'isolating' वाले विकल्प गद्यांश के सकारात्मक भाव के उलट हैं – हटाएँ।

उत्तर: (C) By helping individuals process experiences calmly and clearly.

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionRC – solitude and emotional healthSSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 2
Directions (Qs. 96-100): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

In an age characterized by constant connection and excessive information, the idea of being alone has become both rare and vital. Rather than being the same as loneliness, solitude signifies a mindful retreat — a purposeful effort to recover mental clarity and inner calm. Throughout history, thinkers, writers, and inventors have sought time in seclusion as a means for profound thought and invention. In solitude, the mind is free from social expectations, allowing ideas to form in their pure and unfiltered state. Yet today, solitude is often misunderstood, seen as unproductive or antisocial. The dominance of digital interaction has weakened our ability to spend time alone, replacing self-reflection with continuous stimulation. Messages, feeds, and the reward loop of online approval sustain a cycle of distraction that divides focus and reduces awareness. On a psychological level, being alone provides a moment for emotional balance. It allows people to interpret their experiences without the pressure of comparison or approval. Scientific studies indicate that deliberate solitude activates the brain’s resting network, connected to memory, identity, and imagination. Interestingly, individuals who regularly spend time alone often show stronger empathy and social connection, as they engage with others from a stable sense of self rather than dependence. Culturally, however, the glorification of busyness and constant activity has made solitude seem unusual. Communities that measure value by output tend to ignore the restorative role of stillness. Regaining solitude, therefore, requires both structural and personal adjustments — defining achievement not only by what one does but also by what one understands. True solitude is not withdrawal from the world, but a considered return to oneself.
Q648.
What does the passage imply about people who spend time alone intentionally?
  1. AThey become detached from society.
  2. BThey tend to develop stronger empathy and self-awareness.
  3. CThey lose interest in meaningful relationships.
  4. DThey struggle to maintain emotional balance.
Show answer

Concept: Find the sentence beginning 'Interestingly, individuals who regularly spend time alone…'.

  1. Such people show stronger empathy and social connection.
  2. They relate to others from a secure sense of self, not out of need → greater self-awareness.
  3. So option (B); (A), (C), (D) are the reverse.

Trick: The passage says solitude is 'not withdrawal' – any option saying detached/lose interest is a trap.

Answer: (B) They tend to develop stronger empathy and self-awareness.

अवधारणा: 'Interestingly, individuals who regularly spend time alone…' वाला वाक्य खोजें।

हल:

  1. ऐसे लोगों में अधिक सहानुभूति और सामाजिक जुड़ाव दिखता है।
  2. वे निर्भरता नहीं, स्थिर आत्म-बोध से दूसरों से जुड़ते हैं → अधिक आत्म-जागरूकता।
  3. अतः (B); (A), (C), (D) इसके उलट।

ट्रिक: गद्यांश कहता है एकांत 'withdrawal नहीं' – 'detached/lose interest' वाले विकल्प जाल हैं।

उत्तर: (B) They tend to develop stronger empathy and self-awareness.

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionRC – people who choose solitudeSSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 2
Directions (Qs. 96-100): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

In an age characterized by constant connection and excessive information, the idea of being alone has become both rare and vital. Rather than being the same as loneliness, solitude signifies a mindful retreat — a purposeful effort to recover mental clarity and inner calm. Throughout history, thinkers, writers, and inventors have sought time in seclusion as a means for profound thought and invention. In solitude, the mind is free from social expectations, allowing ideas to form in their pure and unfiltered state. Yet today, solitude is often misunderstood, seen as unproductive or antisocial. The dominance of digital interaction has weakened our ability to spend time alone, replacing self-reflection with continuous stimulation. Messages, feeds, and the reward loop of online approval sustain a cycle of distraction that divides focus and reduces awareness. On a psychological level, being alone provides a moment for emotional balance. It allows people to interpret their experiences without the pressure of comparison or approval. Scientific studies indicate that deliberate solitude activates the brain’s resting network, connected to memory, identity, and imagination. Interestingly, individuals who regularly spend time alone often show stronger empathy and social connection, as they engage with others from a stable sense of self rather than dependence. Culturally, however, the glorification of busyness and constant activity has made solitude seem unusual. Communities that measure value by output tend to ignore the restorative role of stillness. Regaining solitude, therefore, requires both structural and personal adjustments — defining achievement not only by what one does but also by what one understands. True solitude is not withdrawal from the world, but a considered return to oneself.
Q649.
The passage suggests that modern culture undervalues solitude because it:
  1. AEmphasizes personal growth and learning.
  2. BPromotes collective well-being over individual thought.
  3. CEncourages self-reflection and emotional understanding.
  4. DEquates success mainly with productivity and visible activity.
Show answer

Concept: Look at the 'Culturally, however…' part of the passage.

  1. Busyness and nonstop activity are glorified.
  2. Communities that judge worth by output overlook the value of stillness.
  3. So success is tied to productivity and visible activity → (D).

Trick: The key word 'output' in the passage = 'productivity' in the option – match keywords.

Answer: (D) Equates success mainly with productivity and visible activity.

अवधारणा: गद्यांश का 'Culturally, however…' वाला भाग देखें।

हल:

  1. व्यस्तता और निरंतर गतिविधि का महिमामंडन होता है।
  2. जो समाज मूल्य को output से मापते हैं, वे शांति के महत्व को अनदेखा करते हैं।
  3. अतः सफलता = उत्पादकता व दिखने वाली गतिविधि → (D)।

ट्रिक: गद्यांश का 'output' = विकल्प का 'productivity' – keyword मिलाएँ।

उत्तर: (D) Equates success mainly with productivity and visible activity.

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionRC – why culture undervalues solitudeSSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 2
Directions (Qs. 96-100): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

In an age characterized by constant connection and excessive information, the idea of being alone has become both rare and vital. Rather than being the same as loneliness, solitude signifies a mindful retreat — a purposeful effort to recover mental clarity and inner calm. Throughout history, thinkers, writers, and inventors have sought time in seclusion as a means for profound thought and invention. In solitude, the mind is free from social expectations, allowing ideas to form in their pure and unfiltered state. Yet today, solitude is often misunderstood, seen as unproductive or antisocial. The dominance of digital interaction has weakened our ability to spend time alone, replacing self-reflection with continuous stimulation. Messages, feeds, and the reward loop of online approval sustain a cycle of distraction that divides focus and reduces awareness. On a psychological level, being alone provides a moment for emotional balance. It allows people to interpret their experiences without the pressure of comparison or approval. Scientific studies indicate that deliberate solitude activates the brain’s resting network, connected to memory, identity, and imagination. Interestingly, individuals who regularly spend time alone often show stronger empathy and social connection, as they engage with others from a stable sense of self rather than dependence. Culturally, however, the glorification of busyness and constant activity has made solitude seem unusual. Communities that measure value by output tend to ignore the restorative role of stillness. Regaining solitude, therefore, requires both structural and personal adjustments — defining achievement not only by what one does but also by what one understands. True solitude is not withdrawal from the world, but a considered return to oneself.
Q650.
What is the main reason the passage gives for society's decreasing ability to experience solitude?
  1. AIncreased loneliness and emotional withdrawal.
  2. BOverreliance on digital communication and constant stimulation.
  3. CA decline in individual creativity and imagination.
  4. DGrowing interest in social and cultural interaction.
Show answer

Concept: Find what the passage blames for weakening our capacity to be alone.

  1. The dominance of digital interaction is named as the cause.
  2. Messages, feeds and online approval create endless distraction – self-reflection gives way to constant stimulation.
  3. So option (B).

Trick: Options (A), (C), (D) are effects or unrelated ideas – the passage's only stated cause is digital overuse.

Answer: (B) Overreliance on digital communication and constant stimulation.

अवधारणा: गद्यांश ने अकेले रहने की क्षमता घटने का दोष किसे दिया है, यह खोजें।

हल:

  1. डिजिटल संवाद का प्रभुत्व इसका कारण बताया गया है।
  2. संदेश, फ़ीड और ऑनलाइन स्वीकृति लगातार ध्यान भटकाते हैं – आत्म-चिंतन की जगह निरंतर उत्तेजना।
  3. अतः विकल्प (B)।

ट्रिक: (A), (C), (D) प्रभाव या असंबंधित बातें हैं – गद्यांश में बताया गया एकमात्र कारण डिजिटल अति-उपयोग है।

उत्तर: (B) Overreliance on digital communication and constant stimulation.

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionRC – cause of declining solitudeSSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 2
Q651.
Select the correct indirect/direct form of the given sentence.
The scientist noted that were the temperature to drop any further, the chemical reaction would cease immediately.
  1. A"If the temperature dropped further, the chemical reaction would cease immediately," the scientist said.
  2. B"Were the temperature to drop any further, the chemical reaction would cease immediately," noted the scientist.
  3. C"If the temperature was drop any further, the reaction will stop immediately," said he.
  4. D"Had the temperature been dropped, the reaction ceased immediately," said the scientist.
Show answer

Concept: A hypothetical 'were … to' conditional keeps the same form in both speeches.

  1. 'Were the temperature to drop … would cease' is already unreal/hypothetical – no tense change needed.
  2. Direct speech simply puts that clause inside quotes: "Were the temperature to drop any further, … would cease immediately," noted the scientist.
  3. (C) and (D) are ungrammatical; (A) alters the wording.

Trick: Subjunctive 'were' and 'would' do not shift between direct and indirect speech.

Answer: (B) "Were the temperature to drop any further, the chemical reaction would cease immediately," noted the scientist.

अवधारणा: 'were … to' वाला काल्पनिक शर्त वाक्य दोनों कथनों में एक जैसा रहता है।

  1. 'Were the temperature to drop … would cease' पहले से काल्पनिक है – काल नहीं बदलता।
  2. प्रत्यक्ष कथन में वही वाक्य उद्धरण चिह्नों में आता है, reporting verb 'noted'।
  3. (C) और (D) व्याकरण की दृष्टि से गलत; (A) शब्द-रचना बदल देता है।

ट्रिक: Subjunctive 'were' और 'would' direct/indirect में नहीं बदलते।

उत्तर: (B) "Were the temperature to drop any further, the chemical reaction would cease immediately," noted the scientist.

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionIndirect to direct – inverted conditionalSSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 1
Q652.
Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
1. The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients that the body can absorb.
2. These nutrients provide the energy and materials needed for growth and repair.
3. The process starts in the mouth, where enzymes in saliva begin breaking down carbohydrates.
4. The food then passes through the stomach and intestines, where further digestion and absorption occur.
  1. A1, 3, 4, 2
  2. B3, 1, 2, 4
  3. C3, 4, 1, 2
  4. D1, 4, 2, 3
Show answer

Concept: General statement → process in order → result.

  1. 1 introduces the digestive system (opening).
  2. 3 'The process starts in the mouth', then 4 'The food then passes…' – sequence.
  3. 2 'These nutrients…' refers back and concludes.

Trick: Pronoun links: 'These nutrients' in 2 needs 'nutrients' mentioned earlier; 'then' in 4 must follow 3.

Answer: (A) 1, 3, 4, 2

अवधारणा: सामान्य कथन → क्रमवार प्रक्रिया → परिणाम।

  1. 1 पाचन तंत्र का परिचय देता है (आरंभ)।
  2. 3 'The process starts in the mouth', फिर 4 'The food then passes…'।
  3. 2 'These nutrients…' पीछे की बात से जुड़कर समापन करता है।

ट्रिक: 'These nutrients' और 'then' जैसे जोड़ने वाले शब्द क्रम तय करते हैं।

उत्तर: (A) 1, 3, 4, 2

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionPara jumble – digestionSSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 1
Q653.
Select the most appropriate meaning of the highlighted idiom.
The corrupt officer was hoist with his own petard.
  1. ABeing destroyed by one's own trap or scheme
  2. BSucceeding through luck
  3. CGaining praise without effort
  4. DRising by dishonest means
Show answer

Concept: Harmed by the very plan one made to harm others.

  1. A 'petard' was a small bomb; 'hoist' = blown up.
  2. So the idiom = caught in one's own trap.
  3. The corrupt officer's scheme backfired on him.

Trick: Hindi parallel: 'जो दूसरों के लिए गड्ढा खोदता है, वह खुद उसमें गिरता है'.

Answer: (A) Being destroyed by one's own trap or scheme

अवधारणा: दूसरों के लिए बनाई योजना से खुद ही नुकसान उठाना।

  1. 'Petard' एक छोटा विस्फोटक था; 'hoist' = उड़ जाना।
  2. अर्थ = अपने ही जाल में फँसना।
  3. भ्रष्ट अधिकारी की चाल उसी पर उलटी पड़ी।

ट्रिक: हिंदी समान: 'जो दूसरों के लिए गड्ढा खोदता है, वह खुद उसमें गिरता है'।

उत्तर: (A) Being destroyed by one's own trap or scheme

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionIdiom – hoist with one's own petardSSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 1
Q654.
Select the correct spelling to complete the sentence.
He is such a ____ that he avoids all kinds of work.
  1. ASluggard
  2. BSluggerd
  3. CSluggart
  4. DSlugerd
Show answer

Concept: Sluggard = a lazy, idle person.

  1. Root 'slug' + '-gard' → s-l-u-g-g-a-r-d.
  2. Double 'g' and ending '-ard' like laggard, drunkard.

Trick: Lazy-person words end in '-ard': laggard, sluggard, dullard.

Answer: (A) Sluggard

अवधारणा: Sluggard = आलसी, निकम्मा व्यक्ति।

  1. 'slug' + '-gard' → s-l-u-g-g-a-r-d।
  2. दो 'g' और अंत '-ard', जैसे laggard, drunkard।

ट्रिक: आलसी व्यक्ति वाले शब्द '-ard' पर खत्म: laggard, sluggard, dullard।

उत्तर: (A) Sluggard

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionSpelling – SluggardSSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 1
Q655.
Select the correct spelling to complete the sentence.
The policy was guided by ____ which focuses on outcomes and overall benefit.
  1. AUtilitarienism
  2. BUtiliterianism
  3. CUtilitarianism
  4. DUtillitarianism
Show answer

Concept: Utilitarianism = doctrine of the greatest good for the greatest number.

  1. utility → utilitarian (-arian) → + ism.
  2. Correct: u-t-i-l-i-t-a-r-i-a-n-i-s-m (single 'l', '-arian').
  3. Others change vowels (-erian, -arien) or double 'l'.

Trick: Build it from 'utility': util + itarian + ism.

Answer: (C) Utilitarianism

अवधारणा: Utilitarianism = अधिकतम लोगों का अधिकतम हित (उपयोगितावाद)।

  1. utility → utilitarian (-arian) → + ism।
  2. सही: u-t-i-l-i-t-a-r-i-a-n-i-s-m (एक 'l', '-arian')।
  3. बाकी में स्वर बदले हैं या 'l' दोहरा है।

ट्रिक: 'utility' से बनाएँ: util + itarian + ism।

उत्तर: (C) Utilitarianism

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionSpelling – UtilitarianismSSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 1
Q656.
Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words:
'Someone who assumes a false identity to deceive others'.
  1. AMimic
  2. BEmbezzler
  3. CImpostor
  4. DHypocrite
Show answer

Concept: Impostor = one who pretends to be someone else to deceive.

  1. Mimic = copies others for fun, not to deceive.
  2. Embezzler = steals money placed in his trust.
  3. Hypocrite = pretends to have virtues/beliefs, not a false identity.

Trick: 'False identity' → impostor; 'false virtue' → hypocrite.

Answer: (C) Impostor

अवधारणा: Impostor = धोखा देने के लिए किसी और का रूप धरने वाला।

  1. Mimic = मज़ाक में नकल करने वाला।
  2. Embezzler = सौंपे गए धन का गबन करने वाला।
  3. Hypocrite = झूठे गुण/विश्वास दिखाने वाला (ढोंगी)।

ट्रिक: झूठी पहचान → impostor; झूठा गुण → hypocrite।

उत्तर: (C) Impostor

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionOne-word substitution – ImpostorSSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 1
Q657.
Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words:
'A society or system ruled by people who use their power to steal their country's resources'.
  1. APlutocracy
  2. BKleptomania
  3. COligarchy
  4. DKleptocracy
Show answer

Concept: Klepto (steal) + cracy (rule) = rule by thieves.

  1. Kleptocracy = rulers who loot national resources.
  2. Plutocracy = rule by the wealthy; Oligarchy = rule by a few.
  3. Kleptomania = compulsive urge to steal (a disorder).

Trick: '-cracy' means a system of rule → only Plutocracy, Kleptocracy fit; stealing → Kleptocracy.

Answer: (D) Kleptocracy

अवधारणा: Klepto (चोरी) + cracy (शासन) = चोरों का शासन।

  1. Kleptocracy = देश के संसाधन लूटने वाले शासक।
  2. Plutocracy = धनिकों का शासन; Oligarchy = कुछ लोगों का शासन।
  3. Kleptomania = चोरी करने की मानसिक बीमारी।

ट्रिक: '-cracy' = शासन प्रणाली; चोरी वाला → Kleptocracy।

उत्तर: (D) Kleptocracy

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionOne-word substitution – KleptocracySSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 1
Q658.
Choose the correct semantic fit:
The timely action was regarded as a ____ against rising tensions.
  1. Adeterrent
  2. Bdetention
  3. Cdetraction
  4. Dderision
Show answer

Concept: Deterrent = something that discourages or prevents.

  1. Timely action that checks rising tensions acts as a deterrent.
  2. Detention = confinement; detraction = belittling; derision = mockery.
  3. Only 'deterrent' fits 'a ____ against'.

Trick: Collocation: 'a deterrent against/to' is a fixed phrase.

Answer: (A) deterrent

अवधारणा: Deterrent = रोकने या हतोत्साहित करने वाली चीज़।

  1. समय पर उठाया कदम तनाव रोकता है → deterrent।
  2. Detention = हिरासत; detraction = निंदा; derision = उपहास।
  3. 'a ____ against' में केवल deterrent फिट।

ट्रिक: 'a deterrent against' एक प्रचलित संयोजन है।

उत्तर: (A) deterrent

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionVocabulary in context – deterrentSSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 1
Q659.
The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options.
He drives (1)/ very reckless (2)/ on the highway, ignoring (3)/ all traffic rules. (4)
  1. A(1)
  2. B(2)
  3. C(3)
  4. D(4)
Show answer

Concept: A verb is modified by an adverb, not an adjective.

  1. 'drives' is a verb → needs adverb.
  2. 'reckless' (adjective) → 'recklessly'.
  3. Correct: He drives very recklessly on the highway.

Trick: Ask 'drives how?' – the answer word should usually end in -ly.

Answer: (B) (2)

अवधारणा: क्रिया की विशेषता क्रियाविशेषण (adverb) बताता है, विशेषण नहीं।

  1. 'drives' क्रिया है → adverb चाहिए।
  2. 'reckless' (adjective) → 'recklessly'।
  3. सही: He drives very recklessly on the highway।

ट्रिक: 'कैसे चलाता है?' – उत्तर वाला शब्द प्रायः -ly वाला होगा।

उत्तर: (B) (2)

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionError spotting – adjective vs adverbSSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 1
Q660.
Select the option that expresses the given sentence in the Active/Passive voice.
They should have completed the assignment by now.
  1. AThe assignment should completed by now.
  2. BThe assignment should have been completed by now.
  3. CThe assignment must have completed by now.
  4. DThe assignment has been completed by now.
Show answer

Concept: should have + V3 (active) → should have been + V3 (passive).

  1. Object 'the assignment' becomes subject.
  2. should have completed → should have been completed.
  3. 'by them' may be dropped.

Trick: Passive of any perfect form needs 'been' – (A), (C) lack it; (D) loses 'should'.

Answer: (B) The assignment should have been completed by now.

अवधारणा: should have + V3 (active) → should have been + V3 (passive)।

  1. कर्म 'the assignment' कर्ता बनता है।
  2. should have completed → should have been completed।
  3. 'by them' छोड़ा जा सकता है।

ट्रिक: Perfect रूप के passive में 'been' ज़रूरी – (A), (C) में नहीं; (D) में 'should' गायब।

उत्तर: (B) The assignment should have been completed by now.

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionPassive voice – modal perfectSSC CGL 2025 · 19 Sep Shift 1