UPHESC Assistant Professor Music Tabla 2025 PYQs

Concept: Research is a systematic search that adds to the stock of knowledge.

1. Its product is new knowledge or a new interpretation of existing facts.
2. Motivation, learning and writing are by-products or tools.

Short trick: Re-search → new knowledge.

Concept: A good researcher must know the primary (original) sources of his subject.

1. Primary sources (original texts, manuscripts, recordings, gurus) give authentic data.
2. Elementary or merely written knowledge is not enough for original research.

Short trick: Original research needs original sources.

Concept: Research tools are instruments for collecting data.

1. Questionnaire, schedule, interview, observation are tools of data collection.
2. Graphs, illustrations and diagrams only present data.

Short trick: Collect = tool (questionnaire); present = graph.

Concept: Teentaal, Tilwada and Punjabi all have 4 vibhags (x 2 0 3) with one khali.

1. Badi Sawari (16 matras) is divided into many small vibhags and has three khalis.
2. So it is the only option with 3 khalis.

Short trick: Teentaal family = 1 khali; Badi Sawari = 3.

Concept: Laxmi taal is an 18-matra taal of the pakhawaj repertoire with several small vibhags.

1. Its khalis divide the cycle; the second khali falls at the 9th matra – the midpoint of the 18-matra cycle.
2. Counting the vibhags from sam confirms 9.

Short trick: 18 ÷ 2 = 9 → second khali at the middle.

Concept: Brahm taal: 28 matras in 14 vibhags of 2 matras each – 10 talis and 4 khalis.

1. Signs: x 2 0 3 4 0 5 6 7 0 8 9 10 0 – vibhags start at 1, 3, 5, … 27.
2. Khalis fall at matras 5, 11, 19 and 27 → the third khali is on 19.

Short trick: Talis between khalis grow 2-2-3-3 → khalis 5, 11, 19, 27.

Concept: Bols are 'two-hand' (dha, dhin – both drums) or 'one-hand' (ti, na, ta – only dayan).

1. Roopak begins 'Tin Tin Na' – played by one hand, with khali on sam.
2. Deepchandi (Dha Dhin), Dadra (Dha Dhi Na), Kaharva (Dha Ge Na) start with dha.

Short trick: Roopak: khali on sam → starts with 'Tin'.

Concept: Jhumra is a 14-matra taal (3+4+3+4).

1. The ancient/Sanskrit 'Ata (Att) tala' in its standard khanda form has 5+5+2+2 = 14 units.
2. Hence Jhumra is equated with Att tala.

Short trick: Jhumra 14 = Ata tala 14.

Concept: A sam-to-sam tihai in Pancham Sawari must cover 15 + 1 = 16 matras.

1. 16 is not divisible by 3, so a gap (dam) is needed: take 3 pallas of 5 matras = 15, the extra 1 matra is shared by 2 gaps → ½ each.
2. So each intermediate 'dha' lasts 1 + ½ = 1½ matras.

Short trick: (Matras + 1) ÷ 3 leaves a remainder → stretch the dha.

Concept: Farodast (Firodast) is one of the taals traditionally attributed to Amir Khusro, along with Jhumra, Sooltaal, Ada Chautaal and Pashto.

1. Farodast is a 14-matra taal (vibhags 3+4+3+4, like Jhumra/Ada Chautaal family).
2. None of the printed options (9, 10, 11, 12) gives 14, so no option is correct as printed.

Short trick: Farodast = 14 matras.