Q&A: practice questions with answers

Concept: The UNEP Emissions Gap Report 2024 ('No more hot air … please!') set the cuts needed for the Paris targets.

1. To keep warming to 1.5°C, global emissions must fall by about 7.5% every year until 2035.
2. That means cuts of 42% by 2030 and 57% by 2035 versus 2019 levels.

Yaad rakhein: EGR 2024: 1.5°C → 7.5% per year till 2035.

Answer: (C) $7.5\%$

Concept: Custom bullets are set from the Bullets drop-down on the Home tab.

1. Home → Bullets (arrow) → Define New Bullet lets you pick a symbol, picture or font for the bullet.
2. Insert → Picture adds an image; Layout → Margins and View → Zoom do not touch bullets.

Yaad rakhein: New bullet style → Define New Bullet.

Answer: (C) Home → Bullets → Define New Bullet

Concept: Under the India–EU Trade and Technology Council (TTC), India and the European Union announced joint research calls in 2025.

1. Coordinated calls on tackling marine plastic litter and on waste-to-green/renewable hydrogen were launched (Horizon Europe with Indian ministries).
2. UNIDO, WEF and G7 are not parties to this India–EU initiative.

Yaad rakhein: Marine plastic + waste-to-hydrogen = India–EU TTC.

Answer: (D) European Union (EU)

Concept: Max Verstappen (Red Bull, Netherlands) sealed his fourth straight F1 title at the Las Vegas Grand Prix, November 2024.

1. He finished 5th in Las Vegas, enough to clinch the 2024 championship with two races left.
2. Titles: 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024.

Yaad rakhein: Verstappen 4th title – Vegas, Nov 2024.

Answer: (D) Las Vegas

Concept: Mumbai Indians won WPL 2025 (March 2025), beating Delhi Capitals by 8 runs in the final.

1. Captain Harmanpreet Kaur was Player of the Match in the final; it was MI's second WPL title (2023, 2025).
2. Smriti Mandhana captains RCB; Mithali Raj and Jhulan Goswami are retired players/mentors.

Yaad rakhein: MI women = Harmanpreet; RCB women = Smriti.

Answer: (A) Harmanpreet Kaur

Concept: The Mysore Representative Assembly was set up in 1881 under Dewan C. V. Rungacharlu, soon after rendition of the state to the Wodeyars.

1. It was the first such representative body in any Indian princely state.
2. A Legislative Council followed in 1907.

Yaad rakhein: Mysore 1881 – first representative assembly in a princely state.

Answer: (C) Mysore

Concept: Gaidinliu, the Naga spiritual-political leader of the Heraka movement, was jailed by the British in 1932 at age 16.

1. Jawaharlal Nehru met her in Shillong jail in 1937, called her the 'Daughter of the Hills' and gave her the title 'Rani'.
2. She was released in 1947 and later received the Padma Bhushan (1982).

Yaad rakhein: Rani Gaidinliu – title by Nehru, 1937.

Answer: (D) Jawaharlal Nehru

Concept: Section 29 CrPC (now Section 23 BNSS) sets sentencing powers of magistrates.

1. A Chief Judicial Magistrate may pass any sentence except death or imprisonment for life or for more than 7 years.
2. First Class Magistrate: up to 3 years (CrPC); Sessions Judge can award death (subject to HC confirmation).

Yaad rakhein: CJM → max 7 years.

Answer: (A) 7 years

Concept: The Kailasa Temple (Cave 16) at Ellora, Maharashtra, was carved from a single rock in the 8th century.

1. It was commissioned by Rashtrakuta king Krishna I and is dedicated to Shiva.
2. Ajanta caves are Buddhist paintings; Bagh (MP) and Junagadh (Gujarat) caves are smaller Buddhist sites.

Yaad rakhein: Ellora Cave 16 = Kailasa – Rashtrakuta Krishna I.

Answer: (C) Ellora caves

Concept: Aero India 2025 (Bengaluru, February 2025) featured a large DRDO outdoor display.

1. The Dornier aircraft midlife upgrade (with DRDO-developed systems) was showcased among the highlights.
2. Tejas and Su-30 appeared as platforms, but the 'midlife upgrade' highlight was the Dornier.

Yaad rakhein: Aero India 2025 + midlife upgrade → Dornier.

Answer: (B) Dornier

Concept: In Urmila Dixit vs Sunil Sharan Dixit (2 January 2025) the Supreme Court read the Senior Citizens Act, 2007 beneficially.

1. Under Section 23, tribunals can declare a gift/transfer void if the transferee fails to provide basic amenities and needs to the senior citizen.
2. The Court set aside the Madhya Pradesh High Court division bench view and held that tribunals can also order possession to be restored.

Yaad rakhein: Section 23 = transfer can be cancelled if care is denied.

Answer: (D) Section 23 of the Act allows the tribunals to cancel a property transfer if basic amenities are not provided.

Concept: CMOS = Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor – a low-power chip technology.

1. The small battery-backed CMOS memory on the motherboard stores BIOS settings, date and time.
2. The other options are made-up expansions.

Yaad rakhein: CMOS battery dead → date/time resets.

Answer: (C) Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor

Concept: Article 43B was added to Part IV (DPSP) by the 97th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2011.

1. Article 43B: the State shall endeavour to promote voluntary formation, autonomous functioning, democratic control and professional management of co-operative societies.
2. Organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry is Article 48; Uniform Civil Code is Article 44; equal justice and free legal aid is Article 39A.

Yaad rakhein: 97th Amendment = co-operatives: Article 19(1)(c) right, Article 43B DPSP, Part IX-B.

Answer: (B) Promotion of co-operative societies

Concept: Delhi faces some of the worst urban air pollution in India, and vehicles are a major source.

1. The Delhi Government announced its EV Policy 2.0 in 2025 as the successor to the Delhi EV Policy of 2020, to cut vehicular emissions.
2. It focuses on electrifying two-wheelers, three-wheelers, goods vehicles and expanding charging infrastructure.

Yaad rakhein: Delhi's first EV policy came in August 2020; Policy 2.0 continues it.

Answer: (B) Delhi

Concept: V.D. Savarkar and his brother Ganesh Savarkar organised revolutionary youth in Maharashtra.

1. Savarkar founded Mitra Mela (1899) at Nasik, which became the secret society Abhinav Bharat in 1904, advocating armed revolution.
2. Anushilan Samiti – Bengal (P. Mitra, Barindra Ghosh); HSRA – Chandrashekhar Azad, Bhagat Singh (1928); Ghadar Party – Lala Har Dayal, San Francisco (1913).

Yaad rakhein: Abhinav Bharat was named after Mazzini's 'Young Italy'.

Answer: (A) Abhinav Bharat

Concept: A Nagara/Dravida Hindu temple has distinct parts.

1. Mandapa – pillared hall/porch in front of the sanctum where devotees assemble.
2. Garbhagriha – sanctum housing the main deity; Antarala – vestibule between garbhagriha and mandapa; Amalaka – stone disc atop the Nagara shikhara.

Yaad rakhein: Garbhagriha → Antarala → Mandapa: from deity outward to the devotees.

Answer: (B) Mandapa

Concept: NITI Aayog's discussion paper 'Multidimensional Poverty in India since 2005-06' (January 2024).

1. About 24.82 crore people escaped multidimensional poverty between 2013-14 and 2022-23.
2. MPI headcount fell from 29.17% (2013-14) to 11.28% (2022-23); Uttar Pradesh saw the largest decline (about 5.94 crore).

Yaad rakhein: 24.82 crore in 9 years – remember '24.8'.

Answer: (B) 24.82 crore

Concept: Gastric glands of the stomach have chief (peptic) cells and parietal (oxyntic) cells.

1. Chief cells secrete inactive pepsinogen; HCl from parietal cells converts it to pepsin, which starts protein digestion.
2. Trypsinogen is secreted by the pancreas (acts in the small intestine); amylase acts on starch; gastric lipase on fats.

Yaad rakhein: Chief cells → Pepsinogen; Parietal cells → HCl + intrinsic factor.

Answer: (C) Pepsinogen (converted to pepsin)

Concept: CD is an optical storage medium read by a laser.

1. CD = Compact Disc, developed by Philips and Sony (commercial launch 1982).
2. A standard CD stores about 700 MB; related: CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD (Digital Versatile Disc).

Yaad rakhein: Optical discs: CD (~700 MB) → DVD (~4.7 GB) → Blu-ray (25 GB).

Answer: (A) Compact Disc

Concept: The Lokpal was set up under the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013.

1. Former Supreme Court judge Justice A.M. Khanwilkar took oath as Lokpal Chairperson in March 2024 and held the post in April 2025.
2. The first Lokpal was Justice Pinaki Chandra Ghose (2019).

Yaad rakhein: Lokpal: Ghose (first) → Khanwilkar (current).

Answer: (D) Justice Ajay Manik Rao Khanwilkar