Q&A: practice questions with answers

Concept: Track each letter position separately.

1. 1st: C, E, G, I → K (+2).
2. 2nd: M, N, O, P → Q (+1); 3rd: T, U, V, W → X (+1).
3. Next = KQX.

Trick: Only option with first letter K is KQX.

Answer: (C) KQX

Concept: Facing the centre: right = anticlockwise, left = clockwise.

1. Two between C and D → D is opposite C.
2. G immediately left of D; one between E and G → E on the other side of D.
3. F and T take the remaining seats; T not next to E → T sits between G and C, F between C and E.
4. Second to the right of T: T → G → D.

Trick: In a 6-seat circle "two between" means directly opposite.

Answer: (D) D

Concept: Track coordinates with A at origin (east +x, north +y).

1. S 12 → $(0,-12)$; left (east) 10 → $(10,-12)$.
2. Right (south) 5 → $(10,-17)$; right (west) 7 → $(3,-17)$.
3. Right (north) 17 → P $(3,0)$: P is 3 km east of A, so drive 3 km west.

Trick: Net E–W: $10-7=3$ east; net N–S: $-12-5+17=0$.

Answer: (B) 3 km towards west

Concept: Number positions 1 (top) to 7 (bottom) and place definite boxes first.

1. Only C above A → C 1, A 2. Four between A and D → D 7.
2. O and N with two between must take 3 and 6; B–M (B just above M) take 4–5.
3. N not just above B → N 6, O 3. Order: C, A, O, B, M, N, D.

Trick: Fourth from top in 7 boxes is the middle box.

Answer: (D) B

Concept: Find the change in each letter position.

1. FVB → ETE: −1, −2, +3.
2. RUC → QSF: −1, −2, +3.
3. MJJ → LHM: M→L −1, J→H −2, J→M +3 ✔.

Trick: Check the first-letter rule (−1) to eliminate options quickly: NSP→O, OPQ→P, JLH→K fail.

Answer: (B) MJJ : LHM

Concept: Look at differences between terms.

1. Differences: 5, 8, 11, 14 → increase by 3.
2. Next difference = 17.
3. $127+17=144$.

Trick: Second difference constant (= 3).

Answer: (D) 144

Concept: Scan for the pattern: symbol – symbol – number.

1. > * 9 ✔ (* preceded by >, followed by 9).
2. & + 2 ✔ (+ preceded by &, followed by 2).
3. Other symbols fail (e.g. "4 + 1", "1 ^ 7" are preceded by numbers). Total = 2.

Trick: First find symbols followed by a number, then check what precedes them.

Answer: (A) Two

Concept: Look at differences between terms.

1. Differences: 13, 15, 17, 19 → increase by 2.
2. Next difference = 21.
3. $83+21=104$.

Trick: Differences are consecutive odd numbers – just add the next odd number, 21.

Answer: (D) 104

Concept: Find one rule fitting both pairs.

1. $72\times 2+1=145$; $83\times 2+1=167$.
2. Rule: second $=2\times \text{first}+1$.
3. $46\times 2+1=93$ ✔ (others: 45, 71, 109 ≠ given).

Trick: Second number ≈ double the first → test $2x\pm k$.

Answer: (A) 46, 93

Concept: Draw the Venn diagram.

1. Some watches are clocks and every clock is inside Pendulums.
2. So those watch-clocks are pendulums → (I) follows.
3. Pendulums may contain things that are not clocks → (II) does not follow.

Yaad rakhein: Some A are B + All B are C ⇒ Some A are C. "All B are C" never gives "All C are B".

Answer: (C) Only conclusion (I) follows.

Concept: Apply the rule digit by digit.

1. 5187463: 5→6, 1→2, 8→6, 7→8, 4→2, 6→4, 3→4.
2. New number = 6268244.
3. Second from left = 2.

Trick: Only the second digit (1, odd → 2) is needed.

Answer: (A) 2

Concept: Look for the pattern: symbol – number – symbol.

1. @ 8 $ ✔.
2. * 6 % ✔.
3. 7, 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, 3 fail (a number is beside them or 3 is at the end). Total = 2.

Trick: Numbers standing alone between two symbols are the answers.

Answer: (A) 2

Concept: Positions 1 (top) to 7 (bottom); place fixed boxes first.

1. G at 1; three between G and F → F 5; L just above F → L 4.
2. One between I and L → I 2 or 6; four between I and K → I 2, K 7.
3. H, O take 3 and 6 with H above → H 3, O 6. Second below H = position 5 = F.

Trick: I = 6 would need K at 1, which is G – reject quickly.

Answer: (D) F

Concept: Find the change in each letter position.

1. LCP → PZV: +4, −3, +6.
2. TWB → XTH: +4, −3, +6.
3. BQN → FNT: B→F +4, Q→N −3, N→T +6 ✔.

Trick: The last letter (+6) quickly removes HWK→O (+4) and UKD→H (+4).

Answer: (A) BQN : FNT

Concept: Apply the rule digit by digit.

1. 6243514: 6→5, 2→1, 4→3, 3→6, 5→8, 1→4, 4→3.
2. New number = 5136843.
3. Second from left = 1, second from right = 4; sum $=5$.

Trick: Only change the two needed digits: 2→1 and 1→4.

Answer: (C) 5

Concept: Williamson ether synthesis makes ethers: an alkoxide ion (${\text{RO}}^{-}$) attacks an alkyl halide by an ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ reaction.

1. ${\text{R–O}}^{-}{\text{Na}}^{+}+\text{R'–X}\to \text{R–O–R'}+\text{NaX}$.
2. Primary alkyl halides work best; tertiary halides undergo elimination instead.
3. Arndt–Eistert lengthens a carboxylic acid chain; Friedländer gives quinolines – not ether formation.

Yaad rakhein: Alkoxide + alkyl halide = ether = Williamson.

Answer: (C) Williamson synthesis

Concept: Jharkhand's only tiger reserve is Palamau Tiger Reserve (Latehar district), one of the first nine reserves under Project Tiger (1973).

1. The Barwadih Western Forest Range lies within Palamau Tiger Reserve, where the state's first tiger safari is planned.
2. Bandipur is in Karnataka, Sanjay Gandhi (Sanjay–Dubri) in Madhya Pradesh, Pench in MP/Maharashtra.

Yaad rakhein: Jharkhand → Betla National Park → Palamau Tiger Reserve.

Answer: (C) Palamau Tiger Reserve

Concept: The Kaimur Hills form the eastern part of the Vindhyan system, running from near Jabalpur (MP) eastward into Bihar.

1. In Bihar the range ends in the Rohtas–Kaimur area near Sasaram, where the Rohtasgarh fort stands on the Kaimur plateau.
2. Patna, Nawada and Munger lie in the Ganga plains or the Chotanagpur fringe, not on the Kaimur range.

Yaad rakhein: Kaimur hills → Rohtas plateau (Rohtasgarh fort).

Answer: (C) Rohtas

Concept: Original jurisdiction (Article 131) means the Supreme Court hears a case first-hand, not on appeal.

1. It covers disputes between the Centre and one or more states, or between states.
2. Appeals and tribunal reviews are appellate jurisdiction; pardons are given by the President/Governor (Articles 72 and 161), not by the Court.

Yaad rakhein: Art. 131 = federal disputes = original jurisdiction.

Answer: (C) It settles disputes between the Union and states

Concept: Weathering is the breaking down of rocks in place. Mechanical (physical) weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces without changing their chemical composition.

1. Chemical weathering changes minerals (oxidation, carbonation, solution).
2. Exfoliation, block disintegration and frost action are only particular types of mechanical weathering; the general term asked is mechanical weathering.

Yaad rakhein: Physical = size changes, chemistry same; Chemical = composition changes.

Answer: (C) Mechanical weathering