Q&A: practice questions with answers

Concept: A strong argument is directly related to the statement, realistic, and gives a solid reason for or against it.

1. Argument I: rising night-time thefts/robberies is a direct public-safety reason to close markets early → strengthens (supports) the plan.
2. Argument II: many people can shop only after office hours → closing at 7 pm would hurt them → weakens (opposes) the plan.
3. Both are relevant; one supports, the other opposes.

Trick: Ask of each argument: 'Does this give a reason to do it, or a reason not to?'

Answer: (D) II weakens while I strengthens the statement.

Concept: Tamper Protection is a setting inside Windows Security (Microsoft Defender) that blocks apps or malware from switching off real-time protection or changing security settings.

1. It was introduced in Windows 10 (version 1903, 2019) and continues in Windows 11.
2. Windows XP and Windows Vista are much older OSes without Microsoft Defender Antivirus in this form.
3. Linux has no built-in "Tamper Protection" feature by this name.

Yaad rakhein: Tamper Protection = Windows Security = Windows 10 and 11.

Answer: (A) Windows 10

Concept: Many government e-portals list the browser settings needed before use, in a fixed order: first the engine-level setting (JavaScript), then cookies, then download permission, and lastly the browser-specific tweak.

1. Step 1 – Enable JavaScript (IV): the site cannot even run without it.
2. Step 2 – Enable cookies (I) so login sessions are stored.
3. Step 3 – Enable file download on IE 11/Windows 2012 (III); Step 4 – Firefox-only script setting for context menus (II).

Yaad rakhein: JavaScript → Cookies → Download → Firefox tweak = IV, I, III, II.

Answer: (C) IV, I, III, II

Concept: Network topology is the physical/logical layout of how nodes are connected in a LAN.

1. The classic LAN topologies are bus (single backbone cable), ring (closed loop, e.g. Token Ring) and star (all nodes to a central hub/switch – today's Ethernet standard).
2. Mesh is used mainly in WANs/backbones, not "most common" in LANs; option B also wrongly says "only".
3. "Wired/wireless" are transmission media and option D lists security threats, not topologies.

Yaad rakhein: LAN topologies → Bus, Ring, Star (B-R-S).

Answer: (A) bus, ring, and star

Concept: grep ("global regular expression print") searches text for lines matching a pattern and prints them, e.g. grep error log.txt.

1. Rename files → mv; display calendar → cal; system processes → ps/top.
2. grep is often used with pipes: ps -e | grep ssh.

Yaad rakhein: grep = "find the pattern" (think of a search torch for text files).

Answer: (D) To search for a specific pattern in a file

Concept: Word's template gallery groups templates by purpose; match each category with the document type it contains.

1. Planners and trackers → Planning sheets (calendars, to-do lists, budgets) : I-C.
2. Marketing assets → Flyers, brochures, posters : II-B.
3. Surveys → Questionnaire forms : III-A.

Yaad rakhein: Planner-sheet, Marketing-flyer, Survey-questionnaire → I-C, II-B, III-A.

Answer: (D) I-C, II-B, III-A

Concept: The Subject line is the short title of an email that appears in the recipient's inbox list before the mail is opened.

1. It gives a brief summary of the topic so the reader can prioritise and search mails.
2. Attachments go in the attachment area, recipients in To/Cc/Bcc, and the detailed explanation in the body – not in the subject.

Yaad rakhein: Subject = headline of the email (one line, not the story).

Answer: (C) To give a brief summary of the email's topic

Concept: Clock speed (in GHz) is the number of clock cycles the CPU completes per second; each cycle lets the processor execute instruction steps, so it indicates how many instructions the CPU can process per second.

1. A 3 GHz CPU runs $3\times {10}^9$ cycles every second – a direct measure of processing pace.
2. Temperature is measured by sensors, cache size in MB, and data throughput depends on bus width/bandwidth, not the clock alone.

Yaad rakhein: Clock speed = "ticks per second" = how fast instructions are executed.

Answer: (C) The number of instructions executed per second

Concept: Email providers cap attachment size (e.g. Gmail 25 MB). The standard solution for a bigger file is to upload it to cloud storage (Google Drive, OneDrive, Dropbox) and send a share link.

1. Gmail itself offers "Insert from Drive" when an attachment is too large.
2. Zipping or reducing resolution may still exceed the limit and can lose quality; splitting into many emails is clumsy and not the common practice.

Yaad rakhein: Too big to attach → upload to cloud, share the link.

Answer: (C) Use a cloud storage service and share the link.

Concept: Modern anti-virus software uses cloud-based detection: file signatures/behaviour are checked against a constantly updated online threat database, allowing real-time detection of new malware.

1. Cloud lookup gives instant updates without waiting for a local definition download.
2. Manual updates, offline scanning and passive scanning are slower, older approaches – not real-time.

Yaad rakhein: Real-time = cloud-connected (Windows Defender "Cloud-delivered protection").

Answer: (B) Cloud-based detection

Concept: MS Word 2016, 2019 and 2021 has a search box on the Ribbon titled "Tell me what you want to do" (shown as a "Search" box with a bulb/magnifier icon). Typing a task there finds the command and related help topics instantly.

1. Keyboard shortcut: Alt + Q jumps to this box.
2. There is also a Help tab, but the question asks for the option used to search help topics – that is the Tell-me box; "File → Help" and "View tab" are not the search route.

Yaad rakhein: "Tell me…" box = Alt + Q = instant help/command search.

Answer: (D) Use the 'Tell me what you want to do' search box.

Concept: During a slide show, several keys advance to the next animation or slide: Enter, Spacebar, N (Next), Right/Down arrow and Page Down. Shift+F5 is a different kind of key — it starts the slide show from the current slide.

1. Enter, Page Down and N all move the presentation forward.
2. Shift+F5 launches the show (from the current slide); F5 launches it from the first slide. Neither advances a slide once the show is running.

Trick: F5 = show from start, Shift+F5 = show from current slide; N = Next, P = Previous.

Answer: (B) Shift+F5

Concept: Each binary digit is multiplied by a power of 2: integer part uses $2^3,2^2,2^1,2^0$ and fractional part uses $2^{-1},2^{-2},\dots$

1. ${1101}_2=8+4+0+1=13$
2. ${0.1101}_2=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+0+\frac{1}{16}=0.5+0.25+0.0625=0.8125$
3. Total $=13.8125$

Trick: After the point the weights are $0.5,0.25,0.125,0.0625$ — just add the ones under a 1.

Answer: (B) 13.8125

Concept: Web browsers communicate with web servers using HTTP. HTTP/1.1 (1997–99) is the base version every browser must support; newer HTTP/2 and HTTP/3 are optional upgrades.

1. Firefox, Chrome and Edge all require HTTP/1.1 support — persistent connections, host header, chunked transfer.
2. 'HTTP 2.1', 'HTTP 3.1' and 'HTTP 1.2' are not real HTTP versions.

Trick: Real HTTP versions: 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 2, 3 — anything else is a distractor.

Answer: (C) HTTP 1.1

Concept: In Windows File Explorer, visibility of hidden files is controlled from the View tab (ribbon) or View → Show menu.

1. Windows 10: View tab → tick 'Hidden items'. Windows 11: View → Show → Hidden items.
2. There is no 'Edit' menu in modern Explorer and no right-click 'View hidden files' option.

Trick: Anything about how things look (hidden items, file extensions, layout) lives under View.

Answer: (A) Go to 'View' → Select 'Show hidden items'

Concept: AutoFit in PowerPoint automatically shrinks the font size (and line spacing) of text so that it fits inside its placeholder/text box when you type more than it can hold.

1. Options: 'Do not AutoFit', 'Shrink text on overflow', 'Resize shape to fit text' (Format Shape → Text Box).
2. Bullets, colour and alignment are separate formatting tools, not AutoFit.

Trick: Auto-Fit = make the text fit the box.

Answer: (A) Automatically adjusts the size of the text to fit the text box

Concept: In Word 2010 (File → Print, or Ctrl+P) the 'Pages' box under Settings lets you type a page range such as 1-5 or 2,4,7.

1. 'Printer' selects the device, 'Copies' sets the number of copies, 'Orientation' sets portrait/landscape.
2. Ranges: hyphen for continuous pages, comma for separate pages.

Trick: Page range → 'Pages' box.

Answer: (B) Pages

Concept: In MS Excel, Home tab → Cells group → Format → Row Height / Column Width (also AutoFit) changes the size of cells.

1. Insert adds cells/rows/sheets; Page Layout handles margins, orientation and print setup; Review handles comments and protection.
2. You can also drag the row/column borders, but the menu command is Format.

Trick: Anything about the cell's look or size → Format.

Answer: (A) Format

Concept: An Excel cell is identified by its column letter followed by its row number, e.g. A1, C5, AB12.

1. Columns are lettered A, B, …, Z, AA, AB, … and rows are numbered 1, 2, 3, …
2. A cell reference like B3 means column B, row 3.

Trick: Letter first, number second — 'A1' not '1A'.

Answer: (A) Column letter plus row number

Concept: After dragging the fill handle, the AutoFill Options button offers: Copy Cells, Fill Series, Fill Formatting Only, Fill Without Formatting.

1. Copy Cells → copies everything: contents, formulas and formatting (II).
2. Fill Formatting Only → copies only the formatting, not the contents (I).
3. Fill Without Formatting → copies contents/formulas but not formatting (III).

Trick: The option names say exactly what they copy — 'Formatting Only' = format, 'Without Formatting' = content.

Answer: (C) 1-II, 2-I, 3-III