Q3281.Choose the idiom that means:
To admit you were wrong and apologise
- AEat a humble pie
- BEat like a horse
- CPiece of cake
- DIcing on the cake
Show answer
Concept: Match the meaning 'admit a mistake and apologise'.
- Eat (a) humble pie = admit you were wrong and say sorry.
- Eat like a horse = eat a lot; piece of cake = something simple to do; icing on the cake = a bonus on top of a good thing.
Yaad rakhein: Related: 'eat one's words' = take back what one said.
Answer: (A) Eat a humble pie
अवधारणा: अर्थ 'ग़लती मानकर माफ़ी माँगना' से मिलान कीजिए।
- Eat humble pie = ग़लती स्वीकार कर माफ़ी माँगना।
- Eat like a horse = बहुत खाना; piece of cake = बहुत आसान; icing on the cake = अतिरिक्त लाभ।
याद रखें: मिलता-जुलता: 'eat one's words' = अपनी बात वापस लेना।
उत्तर: (A) Eat a humble pie
Q3282.Select the most appropriate antonym of the bracketed word to complete the sentence.
She was ____ (zany) enough to stop driving when she got too tired.
- ASensible
- BStrange
- CClownish
- DEccentric
Show answer
Concept: Zany = silly, eccentric, clownish; the blank needs its opposite.
- Stopping driving when tired is a wise act → needs a word meaning 'wise'.
- Sensible = showing good judgment → antonym of zany.
- Strange, clownish, eccentric are synonyms of zany.
Trick: Three options share one meaning (odd/clownish) – the odd one out is the antonym.
Answer: (A) Sensible
अवधारणा: Zany = मूर्खतापूर्ण, सनकी; रिक्त स्थान में इसका विलोम चाहिए।
- थकान पर गाड़ी रोकना समझदारी है → 'समझदार' अर्थ चाहिए।
- Sensible = विवेकपूर्ण → zany का विलोम।
- Strange, clownish, eccentric – zany के समानार्थी।
ट्रिक: तीन विकल्प एक ही अर्थ के हों तो बचा हुआ विकल्प ही विलोम होता है।
उत्तर: (A) Sensible
Q3283.Choose the correct spelling.
- AMetaficsion
- BMeteorighte
- CMeteorology
- DMetear
Show answer
Concept: Pick the correctly spelt word.
- Meteorology = science of weather and atmosphere ✓
- Correct forms of the others: Metafiction, Meteorite, Meteor.
Trick: Meteor + ology – the root stays 'meteor', then the suffix '-ology'.
Answer: (C) Meteorology
अवधारणा: सही वर्तनी वाला शब्द चुनिए।
- Meteorology = मौसम विज्ञान ✓
- अन्य के सही रूप: Metafiction, Meteorite, Meteor।
ट्रिक: Meteor + ology – मूल 'meteor' वैसा ही रहता है, फिर '-ology'।
उत्तर: (C) Meteorology
Q3284.Select the correct option.
The artist was praised for the ____ of her work.
- Ameticulousness
- Bbravery
- Cvalidity
- Dseverity
Show answer
Concept: An artist's work is praised for care and precision.
- Meticulousness = great care for every detail → fits 'praised for … of her work'.
- Bravery suits people, not artwork; validity suits arguments; severity means harshness.
Trick: Collocation check: 'praised for the meticulousness/precision of her work' is a natural phrase.
Answer: (A) meticulousness
अवधारणा: किसी कलाकार के काम की प्रशंसा सूक्ष्मता और सावधानी के लिए होती है।
- Meticulousness = हर बारीकी पर ध्यान → उपयुक्त।
- Bravery लोगों के लिए; validity तर्क के लिए; severity = कठोरता।
ट्रिक: 'praised for the meticulousness of her work' – स्वाभाविक संयोजन (collocation)।
उत्तर: (A) meticulousness
Q3285.The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options.
The committee has postponed (1)/ the announcement until (2)/ further informations is received (3)/ from the regional offices. (4)
- A(1)
- B(2)
- C(3)
- D(4)
Show answer
Concept: 'Information' is uncountable – no plural form.
- 'further informations' ✗ → 'further information is received' ✓
- The verb 'is' already shows it is singular → error in part (3).
Yaad rakhein: Never pluralise: information, advice, furniture, luggage, equipment, scenery.
Answer: (C) (3)
अवधारणा: 'Information' अगणनीय संज्ञा है – इसका बहुवचन नहीं होता।
- 'further informations' ✗ → 'further information is received' ✓
- क्रिया 'is' भी एकवचन है → त्रुटि भाग (3) में।
याद रखें: इनका बहुवचन कभी नहीं: information, advice, furniture, luggage, equipment, scenery।
उत्तर: (C) (3)
Q3286.Select the option that expresses the given sentence in the Active/Passive voice.
The researchers had conducted the experiment with utmost precision.
- AThe experiment is conducted with utmost precision by the researchers.
- BThe experiment was being conducted with utmost precision by the researchers.
- CThe experiment had been conducted with utmost precision by the researchers.
- DThe experiment will be conducted with utmost precision by the researchers.
Show answer
Concept: Past perfect passive = had been + V3.
- Active: had conducted (past perfect).
- Passive: The experiment had been conducted … by the researchers.
- (A) present, (B) past continuous, (D) future – tense changed.
Trick: Tense must not change in voice change – match 'had' in the active with 'had been' in the passive.
Answer: (C) The experiment had been conducted with utmost precision by the researchers.
अवधारणा: Past perfect passive = had been + V3।
- Active: had conducted।
- Passive: The experiment had been conducted … by the researchers।
- (A), (B), (D) में काल बदल गया।
ट्रिक: वाच्य बदलने पर काल नहीं बदलता – 'had' के साथ 'had been' ही आएगा।
उत्तर: (C) The experiment had been conducted with utmost precision by the researchers.
Q3287.The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options.
Neither the scientists nor the research team (1)/ were willing to compromise (2)/ on the accuracy of the findings (3)/ despite external pressure. (4)
- A(1)
- B(2)
- C(3)
- D(4)
Show answer
Concept: With neither…nor, the verb agrees with the nearer subject.
- Nearer subject = 'the research team' (singular collective noun acting as one).
- So 'were willing' ✗ → 'was willing' ✓ → error in part (2).
Yaad rakhein: Proximity rule applies to either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also.
Answer: (B) (2)
अवधारणा: Neither…nor में क्रिया पास वाले कर्ता के अनुसार होती है।
- पास वाला कर्ता = 'the research team' (एकवचन)।
- 'were willing' ✗ → 'was willing' ✓ → त्रुटि भाग (2) में।
याद रखें: यह निकटता नियम either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also पर लागू होता है।
उत्तर: (B) (2)
Q3288.Select the sentence containing the homonym of the given word.
Word: Vault
Meaning: a large room or chamber used for storage, especially an underground one.
- AThe jeweler stored the diamonds in a fireproof vault.
- BThe athlete managed to vault over the high hurdle.
- CThe museum's underground vault contained ancient scrolls.
- DThey reinforced the walls of the treasure vault with concrete.
Show answer
Concept: A homonym has the same spelling/sound but a different meaning.
- Given meaning: noun – a storage chamber.
- (A), (C), (D) use exactly that meaning.
- (B) 'vault over the hurdle' = verb meaning to jump → the homonym.
Trick: Spot the sentence where the word's part of speech changes (noun → verb).
Answer: (B) The athlete managed to vault over the high hurdle.
अवधारणा: समनाम शब्द की वर्तनी/उच्चारण वही, पर अर्थ अलग होता है।
- दिया अर्थ: संज्ञा – भंडार कक्ष।
- (A), (C), (D) में वही अर्थ है।
- (B) 'vault over the hurdle' = छलाँग लगाना (क्रिया) → समनाम।
ट्रिक: जिस वाक्य में शब्द का शब्दभेद बदल जाए (संज्ञा → क्रिया), वही उत्तर।
उत्तर: (B) The athlete managed to vault over the high hurdle.
Q3289.Select the option that expresses the given sentence in the Active/Passive voice.
The final report was approved by the committee after several revisions.
- AThe committee has approved the final report after several revisions.
- BThe committee approved the final report after several revisions.
- CThe committee is approving the final report after several revisions.
- DThe committee approves the final report after several revisions.
Show answer
Concept: Simple past passive (was + V3) becomes simple past active (V2).
- 'was approved by the committee' → 'The committee approved the final report …'
- (A) present perfect, (C) present continuous, (D) simple present – wrong tenses.
Trick: In active voice, the 'by' agent becomes the subject, and the tense marker (was) becomes V2.
Answer: (B) The committee approved the final report after several revisions.
अवधारणा: Simple past passive (was + V3) → simple past active (V2)।
- 'was approved by the committee' → 'The committee approved the final report …'
- (A), (C), (D) में काल ग़लत है।
ट्रिक: Active में 'by' वाला कर्ता subject बनता है और was + V3 → V2।
उत्तर: (B) The committee approved the final report after several revisions.
Directions (Qs. 90-94): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
In the architecture of digital consciousness, where algorithms increasingly dictate perception, the boundary between autonomy and automation becomes perilously thin. Every scroll, click, or pause is parsed by unseen systems that learn, adapt, and anticipate — creating a feedback loop where human preference is both the input and the product. The illusion of choice, sustained by the abundance of content, often conceals a subtle curation of thought. Recommendation engines, cloaked in neutrality, are in fact value-laden mechanisms shaped by data hierarchies and corporate imperatives. What appears as personalization may instead be algorithmic determinism — a world where our desires are gently steered rather than freely formed. Moreover, the architecture of attention has been commodified; distraction is not a side effect but a business model. Cognitive overload diminishes reflection, while emotional triggers amplify engagement. In this ecosystem, outrage travels faster than nuance, and visibility becomes the currency of relevance. Even the language of digital ethics — transparency, accountability, inclusion — struggles to keep pace with the velocity of innovation. Artificial intelligence, though often portrayed as an impartial arbiter, inherits the biases of its creators and the data it consumes. It replicates not just human intelligence, but also human prejudice. Yet amid this algorithmic opacity lies a paradox of empowerment: never before has humanity possessed such access to knowledge and connectivity, yet never has it been more vulnerable to manipulation. The challenge is not to dismantle technology but to rehumanize it — to ensure that the circuitry of progress serves human discernment rather than diminishes it.
Q3290.What is the central idea of the passage?
- AArtificial intelligence enhances human freedom.
- BAlgorithms have made decision-making more objective.
- CDigital systems subtly influence human perception and autonomy.
- DThe internet is an entirely neutral platform for expression.
Show answer
Concept: The main idea runs through the whole passage, not one line.
- Opening: algorithms 'dictate perception' and blur autonomy and automation.
- Middle: curation of thought, steered desires, bias in AI.
- So digital systems quietly shape perception and autonomy → (C).
Trick: Reject extreme or opposite options – the author never calls AI freedom-enhancing or the internet neutral.
Answer: (C) Digital systems subtly influence human perception and autonomy.
अवधारणा: मुख्य विचार पूरे गद्यांश में फैला होता है, किसी एक पंक्ति में नहीं।
- शुरुआत: algorithms धारणा को नियंत्रित करते हैं, autonomy और automation का अंतर मिटता है।
- बीच में: विचारों का curation, इच्छाओं को मोड़ना, AI में पूर्वाग्रह।
- अतः डिजिटल प्रणालियाँ चुपचाप धारणा व स्वायत्तता को प्रभावित करती हैं → (C)।
ट्रिक: अतिवादी या उल्टे विकल्प हटाइए – लेखक AI को स्वतंत्रता बढ़ाने वाला या इंटरनेट को तटस्थ नहीं कहता।
उत्तर: (C) Digital systems subtly influence human perception and autonomy.
Directions (Qs. 90-94): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
In the architecture of digital consciousness, where algorithms increasingly dictate perception, the boundary between autonomy and automation becomes perilously thin. Every scroll, click, or pause is parsed by unseen systems that learn, adapt, and anticipate — creating a feedback loop where human preference is both the input and the product. The illusion of choice, sustained by the abundance of content, often conceals a subtle curation of thought. Recommendation engines, cloaked in neutrality, are in fact value-laden mechanisms shaped by data hierarchies and corporate imperatives. What appears as personalization may instead be algorithmic determinism — a world where our desires are gently steered rather than freely formed. Moreover, the architecture of attention has been commodified; distraction is not a side effect but a business model. Cognitive overload diminishes reflection, while emotional triggers amplify engagement. In this ecosystem, outrage travels faster than nuance, and visibility becomes the currency of relevance. Even the language of digital ethics — transparency, accountability, inclusion — struggles to keep pace with the velocity of innovation. Artificial intelligence, though often portrayed as an impartial arbiter, inherits the biases of its creators and the data it consumes. It replicates not just human intelligence, but also human prejudice. Yet amid this algorithmic opacity lies a paradox of empowerment: never before has humanity possessed such access to knowledge and connectivity, yet never has it been more vulnerable to manipulation. The challenge is not to dismantle technology but to rehumanize it — to ensure that the circuitry of progress serves human discernment rather than diminishes it.
Q3291.The phrase "illusion of choice" suggests that -
- Ausers have unlimited freedom online.
- Bonline options appear diverse but are algorithmically curated.
- Cindividuals consciously control digital algorithms.
- Dpersonalization eliminates manipulation.
Show answer
Concept: Read the sentence around the phrase.
- The 'illusion of choice' is kept alive by plenty of content but 'conceals a subtle curation of thought'.
- So choices look many, yet are picked by algorithms → (B).
Trick: 'Illusion' = something that looks real but isn't – the answer must contrast appearance with reality.
Answer: (B) online options appear diverse but are algorithmically curated.
अवधारणा: वाक्यांश के आसपास का वाक्य पढ़िए।
- 'illusion of choice' भरपूर सामग्री से बना रहता है पर 'subtle curation of thought' छिपाता है।
- यानी विकल्प अनेक दिखते हैं, पर algorithm द्वारा चुने होते हैं → (B)।
ट्रिक: 'Illusion' = जो सच दिखे पर हो नहीं – उत्तर में 'दिखना बनाम वास्तविकता' होना चाहिए।
उत्तर: (B) online options appear diverse but are algorithmically curated.
Directions (Qs. 90-94): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
In the architecture of digital consciousness, where algorithms increasingly dictate perception, the boundary between autonomy and automation becomes perilously thin. Every scroll, click, or pause is parsed by unseen systems that learn, adapt, and anticipate — creating a feedback loop where human preference is both the input and the product. The illusion of choice, sustained by the abundance of content, often conceals a subtle curation of thought. Recommendation engines, cloaked in neutrality, are in fact value-laden mechanisms shaped by data hierarchies and corporate imperatives. What appears as personalization may instead be algorithmic determinism — a world where our desires are gently steered rather than freely formed. Moreover, the architecture of attention has been commodified; distraction is not a side effect but a business model. Cognitive overload diminishes reflection, while emotional triggers amplify engagement. In this ecosystem, outrage travels faster than nuance, and visibility becomes the currency of relevance. Even the language of digital ethics — transparency, accountability, inclusion — struggles to keep pace with the velocity of innovation. Artificial intelligence, though often portrayed as an impartial arbiter, inherits the biases of its creators and the data it consumes. It replicates not just human intelligence, but also human prejudice. Yet amid this algorithmic opacity lies a paradox of empowerment: never before has humanity possessed such access to knowledge and connectivity, yet never has it been more vulnerable to manipulation. The challenge is not to dismantle technology but to rehumanize it — to ensure that the circuitry of progress serves human discernment rather than diminishes it.
Q3292.What does the author imply about artificial intelligence ethics?
- AIt fully resolves issues of bias.
- BIt evolves faster than innovation.
- CIt mirrors existing human flaws.
- DIt prevents algorithmic manipulation.
Show answer
Concept: Find what the author says about AI and its ethics.
- AI 'inherits the biases of its creators and the data it consumes'.
- It copies 'human prejudice' too → it mirrors human flaws (C).
- (B) is reversed: ethics struggles to keep pace with innovation.
Trick: Match key words: 'inherits', 'replicates' ≈ 'mirrors'.
Answer: (C) It mirrors existing human flaws.
अवधारणा: लेखक AI और उसकी नैतिकता के बारे में क्या कहता है, खोजिए।
- AI 'अपने निर्माताओं और डेटा के पूर्वाग्रह' ग्रहण करता है।
- वह 'human prejudice' भी दोहराता है → मानवीय कमियों का प्रतिबिंब (C)।
- (B) उल्टा है: नैतिकता नवाचार से पीछे रह जाती है।
ट्रिक: शब्द मिलाइए: 'inherits', 'replicates' ≈ 'mirrors'।
उत्तर: (C) It mirrors existing human flaws.
Directions (Qs. 90-94): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
In the architecture of digital consciousness, where algorithms increasingly dictate perception, the boundary between autonomy and automation becomes perilously thin. Every scroll, click, or pause is parsed by unseen systems that learn, adapt, and anticipate — creating a feedback loop where human preference is both the input and the product. The illusion of choice, sustained by the abundance of content, often conceals a subtle curation of thought. Recommendation engines, cloaked in neutrality, are in fact value-laden mechanisms shaped by data hierarchies and corporate imperatives. What appears as personalization may instead be algorithmic determinism — a world where our desires are gently steered rather than freely formed. Moreover, the architecture of attention has been commodified; distraction is not a side effect but a business model. Cognitive overload diminishes reflection, while emotional triggers amplify engagement. In this ecosystem, outrage travels faster than nuance, and visibility becomes the currency of relevance. Even the language of digital ethics — transparency, accountability, inclusion — struggles to keep pace with the velocity of innovation. Artificial intelligence, though often portrayed as an impartial arbiter, inherits the biases of its creators and the data it consumes. It replicates not just human intelligence, but also human prejudice. Yet amid this algorithmic opacity lies a paradox of empowerment: never before has humanity possessed such access to knowledge and connectivity, yet never has it been more vulnerable to manipulation. The challenge is not to dismantle technology but to rehumanize it — to ensure that the circuitry of progress serves human discernment rather than diminishes it.
Q3293.Which of the following best explains the paradox mentioned in the passage?
- ATechnology isolates and empowers simultaneously.
- BAlgorithms are neutral and self-correcting.
- CHuman desires cannot be predicted.
- DData has lost all ethical significance.
Show answer
Concept: A paradox joins two opposite truths.
- Passage: greatest access to knowledge and connectivity, yet greatest vulnerability to manipulation.
- Option (A) also joins two opposite effects of technology (isolating and empowering) → best fit.
Trick: For 'paradox' questions, choose the option with two contrasting ideas linked together.
Answer: (A) Technology isolates and empowers simultaneously.
अवधारणा: विरोधाभास दो विपरीत सच्चाइयों को जोड़ता है।
- गद्यांश: ज्ञान और जुड़ाव की सबसे अधिक पहुँच, फिर भी हेरफेर का सबसे अधिक ख़तरा।
- विकल्प (A) भी तकनीक के दो विपरीत प्रभाव (अलग करना और सशक्त बनाना) जोड़ता है → सर्वोत्तम।
ट्रिक: 'Paradox' प्रश्न में वही विकल्प चुनें जिसमें दो विरोधी विचार एक साथ हों।
उत्तर: (A) Technology isolates and empowers simultaneously.
Directions (Qs. 90-94): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
In the architecture of digital consciousness, where algorithms increasingly dictate perception, the boundary between autonomy and automation becomes perilously thin. Every scroll, click, or pause is parsed by unseen systems that learn, adapt, and anticipate — creating a feedback loop where human preference is both the input and the product. The illusion of choice, sustained by the abundance of content, often conceals a subtle curation of thought. Recommendation engines, cloaked in neutrality, are in fact value-laden mechanisms shaped by data hierarchies and corporate imperatives. What appears as personalization may instead be algorithmic determinism — a world where our desires are gently steered rather than freely formed. Moreover, the architecture of attention has been commodified; distraction is not a side effect but a business model. Cognitive overload diminishes reflection, while emotional triggers amplify engagement. In this ecosystem, outrage travels faster than nuance, and visibility becomes the currency of relevance. Even the language of digital ethics — transparency, accountability, inclusion — struggles to keep pace with the velocity of innovation. Artificial intelligence, though often portrayed as an impartial arbiter, inherits the biases of its creators and the data it consumes. It replicates not just human intelligence, but also human prejudice. Yet amid this algorithmic opacity lies a paradox of empowerment: never before has humanity possessed such access to knowledge and connectivity, yet never has it been more vulnerable to manipulation. The challenge is not to dismantle technology but to rehumanize it — to ensure that the circuitry of progress serves human discernment rather than diminishes it.
Q3294.The author's tone in the passage can best be described as -
- AAlarmist yet hopeful
- BIndifferent and detached
- CSarcastic and mocking
- DCelebratory and optimistic
Show answer
Concept: Tone = the author's attitude across the passage.
- Warnings about manipulation, commodified attention and AI bias → alarmed.
- Ending: 'rehumanize' technology so it serves human judgment → hopeful.
- So 'alarmist yet hopeful'.
Trick: Check the last line – a constructive ending adds a hopeful note to a critical passage.
Answer: (A) Alarmist yet hopeful
अवधारणा: लहजा = पूरे गद्यांश में लेखक का दृष्टिकोण।
- हेरफेर, ध्यान के व्यापार, AI पूर्वाग्रह पर चेतावनी → चिंतित स्वर।
- अंत: तकनीक को 'rehumanize' करने का सुझाव → आशावादी।
- अतः 'alarmist yet hopeful'।
ट्रिक: अंतिम पंक्ति देखें – रचनात्मक अंत आलोचनात्मक गद्यांश में आशा जोड़ता है।
उत्तर: (A) Alarmist yet hopeful
Q3295.Select the most appropriate option to substitute the underline/Bold segment in the given sentence.
She discussed about the issue with her manager.
- Adiscussed on the issue
- Bdiscussed the issue
- Chad discussed about the issue
- Dwas discussed the issue
Show answer
Concept: 'Discuss' is transitive: it takes its object directly, with no preposition.
- 'discussed about the issue' ✗
- Correct: She discussed the issue with her manager.
Yaad rakhein: No preposition after: discuss, describe, emphasise, attack, resemble, enter, reach.
Answer: (B) discussed the issue
अवधारणा: 'Discuss' सकर्मक क्रिया है – इसके बाद सीधे कर्म आता है, कोई preposition नहीं।
- 'discussed about the issue' ✗
- सही: She discussed the issue with her manager।
याद रखें: इनके बाद preposition नहीं: discuss, describe, emphasise, attack, resemble, enter, reach।
उत्तर: (B) discussed the issue
Q3296.Select the correct indirect/direct form of the given sentence.
He said that he had never been to Japan before that trip.
- AHe said, "I have never been to Japan before this trip."
- BHe said, "I had never been to Japan before that trip."
- CHe said, "I never went to Japan before that trip."
- DHe said, "I have not gone to Japan before that trip."
Show answer
Concept: Undo the back-shift: past perfect may come from present perfect; 'that' becomes 'this'.
- Reported past perfect goes back one step to present perfect: had → have.
- Time words return: that → this; the pronoun he → I.
- Put the words in quotation marks after 'He said,'.
Trick: 'Before that trip' implies the trip is current at the time of speaking → present perfect fits.
Answer: (A) He said, "I have never been to Japan before this trip."
अवधारणा: Back-shift हटाइए: past perfect → present perfect; 'that' → 'this'।
- Reported past perfect एक कदम पीछे जाकर present perfect बनता है: had → have।
- समय-सूचक शब्द लौटते हैं: that → this; सर्वनाम he → I।
- 'He said,' के बाद शब्दों को उद्धरण चिह्नों में रखिए।
ट्रिक: 'that trip' बोलते समय चल रही यात्रा दर्शाता है → present perfect उपयुक्त।
उत्तर: (A) He said, "I have never been to Japan before this trip."
Q3297.Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
1. These systems can identify spoken words and phrases and convert them into written text.
2. Speech recognition technology enables machines to interpret and process human language.
3. With the help of machine learning algorithms, accuracy improves as the system is exposed to more data.
4. Applications like voice assistants and automated transcription tools rely heavily on this technology.
- A2, 1, 3, 4
- B2, 4, 1, 3
- C1, 2, 3, 4
- D4, 3, 2, 1
Show answer
Concept: Start with the sentence that introduces the topic; pronouns like 'These' follow.
- 2 introduces speech recognition technology → opener.
- 1 'These systems…' explains what it does.
- 3 adds how accuracy improves; 4 gives applications → 2, 1, 3, 4.
Trick: 'These systems' cannot start a paragraph – so options starting with 1 drop out.
Answer: (A) 2, 1, 3, 4
अवधारणा: विषय का परिचय देने वाला वाक्य पहले; 'These' जैसे सर्वनाम बाद में।
- 2 – speech recognition का परिचय → आरंभ।
- 1 'These systems…' – यह क्या करता है।
- 3 – सटीकता कैसे बढ़ती है; 4 – उपयोग → 2, 1, 3, 4।
ट्रिक: 'These systems' से अनुच्छेद शुरू नहीं होता – 1 से शुरू होने वाले विकल्प हटाइए।
उत्तर: (A) 2, 1, 3, 4
Q3298.Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
1. Renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power are being developed to reduce dependence on fossil fuels.
2. These sources are cleaner and help mitigate the effects of climate change.
3. The growing global demand for energy has led to environmental concerns about sustainability.
4. Transitioning to renewables requires investment in technology and supportive government policies.
- A3, 1, 2, 4
- B1, 3, 2, 4
- C3, 2, 1, 4
- D2, 4, 3, 1
Show answer
Concept: Problem → solution → benefit → requirement.
- 3: rising energy demand raises sustainability concerns (problem).
- 1: renewables are developed (solution).
- 2: 'These sources' are cleaner (benefit); 4: transition needs investment and policy → 3, 1, 2, 4.
Trick: 'These sources' (2) must directly follow the sentence naming the sources (1) – the 1-2 link decides it.
Answer: (A) 3, 1, 2, 4
अवधारणा: समस्या → समाधान → लाभ → आवश्यकता।
- 3: बढ़ती ऊर्जा माँग से चिंता (समस्या)।
- 1: नवीकरणीय स्रोत विकसित (समाधान)।
- 2: 'These sources' स्वच्छ हैं (लाभ); 4: निवेश व नीति चाहिए → 3, 1, 2, 4।
ट्रिक: 'These sources' (2) ठीक उस वाक्य के बाद आएगा जिसमें स्रोतों का नाम है (1) – 1-2 जोड़ी निर्णायक।
उत्तर: (A) 3, 1, 2, 4
Q3299.Select the most appropriate option to substitute the underline/Bold segment in the given sentence.
Either the committee members or the chairperson have agreed to the proposal.
- Ahave agreed
- Bhas agreed
- Care agreeing
- Dwere agreed
Show answer
Concept: With either…or, the verb agrees with the subject closest to it.
- Nearer subject = 'the chairperson' (singular).
- 'have agreed' ✗ → 'has agreed' ✓
Trick: Put the plural subject last to sound natural: 'Either the chairperson or the members have agreed.'
Answer: (B) has agreed
अवधारणा: Either…or में क्रिया पास वाले कर्ता के अनुसार होती है।
- पास वाला कर्ता = 'the chairperson' (एकवचन)।
- 'have agreed' ✗ → 'has agreed' ✓
ट्रिक: स्वाभाविक वाक्य के लिए बहुवचन कर्ता को बाद में रखें: 'Either the chairperson or the members have agreed.'
उत्तर: (B) has agreed
Q3300.Select the correct indirect/direct form of the given sentence.
They said, "We have completed the project successfully."
- AThey said that they completed the project successfully.
- BThey said that they have completed the project successfully.
- CThey said that they had completed the project successfully.
- DThey said that they would complete the project successfully.
Show answer
Concept: Reporting verb in past → present perfect shifts to past perfect.
- 'have completed' → 'had completed'.
- 'We' → 'they'; add 'that'.
- They said that they had completed the project successfully.
Trick: Back-shift chain: is → was, has/have → had, was → had been, will → would.
Answer: (C) They said that they had completed the project successfully.
अवधारणा: Reporting verb भूतकाल में हो तो present perfect → past perfect।
- 'have completed' → 'had completed'।
- 'We' → 'they'; 'that' जोड़ें।
- They said that they had completed the project successfully।
ट्रिक: काल परिवर्तन: is → was, has/have → had, was → had been, will → would।
उत्तर: (C) They said that they had completed the project successfully.
