Q3381.Select the most appropriate option to substitute the underline/Bold segment in the given sentence.
She ran very quick to catch the bus.
- Aquickly very
- Bquick
- Cquickly
- Dmore quickly
Show answer
Concept: A verb is described by an adverb, not an adjective.
- The word describes how she ran → adverb needed.
- quick (adjective) → quickly (adverb).
- She ran very quickly to catch the bus.
Trick: Ask “ran how?” – the answer word usually ends in -ly.
Answer: (C) quickly
अवधारणा: क्रिया की विशेषता क्रियाविशेषण (adverb) बताता है, विशेषण नहीं।
- यहाँ शब्द बताता है कि वह कैसे ran – adverb चाहिए।
- quick (adjective) → quickly (adverb)
- She ran very quickly to catch the bus.
ट्रिक: “कैसे दौड़ी?” पूछें – उत्तर वाला शब्द प्रायः -ly पर खत्म होता है।
उत्तर: (C) quickly
Q3382.Select the correct indirect/direct form of the given sentence.
He asked, "Where did you go yesterday?"
- AHe asked where I went yesterday.
- BHe asked where I had gone the previous day.
- CHe asked where you went the previous day.
- DHe asked where I had gone yesterday.
Show answer
Concept: In reported questions: no question form, past → past perfect, time words change.
- “did you go” → I had gone (past simple → past perfect; you → I as the listener is the reporter).
- yesterday → the previous day.
- He asked where I had gone the previous day.
Trick: Two checks only: “had gone” + “the previous day” – only option B has both.
Answer: (B) He asked where I had gone the previous day.
अवधारणा: Indirect प्रश्न में: प्रश्न का रूप हटता है, past → past perfect, समयवाचक शब्द बदलते हैं।
- “did you go” → I had gone
- yesterday → the previous day
- He asked where I had gone the previous day.
ट्रिक: केवल दो जाँच: “had gone” + “the previous day” – दोनों केवल B में।
उत्तर: (B) He asked where I had gone the previous day.
Q3383.Select the correct option:
Although the survey had been carefully planned, unexpected factors ____ the reliability of its results.
- Aexasperated
- Bbolstered
- Cramified
- Dundermined
Show answer
Concept: “Although” shows the second part goes against the first: planned carefully, yet results suffered.
- Undermined = weakened gradually – fits “reliability … undermined”.
- Bolstered = strengthened (no contrast); exasperated = annoyed (for people); ramified = branched out.
Trick: Contrast word + positive first clause → the blank must be negative.
Answer: (D) undermined
अवधारणा: “Although” विरोध दर्शाता है: योजना अच्छी थी, फिर भी परिणाम कमज़ोर हुए।
- Undermined = धीरे-धीरे कमज़ोर करना – सही।
- Bolstered = मज़बूत करना; exasperated = चिढ़ाना (व्यक्ति के लिए); ramified = शाखाओं में फैलना।
ट्रिक: विरोधी शब्द + सकारात्मक पहला भाग → रिक्त स्थान नकारात्मक होगा।
उत्तर: (D) undermined
Q3384.The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options.
The new algorithm, designed to process vast amounts of data, (1)/ promises to revolutionise our approach to analytics, (2)/ but it also rises concerns (3)/ about data privacy and ethical implications. (4)
- A(1)
- B(2)
- C(3)
- D(4)
Show answer
Concept: Rise is intransitive (no object); raise is transitive (takes an object).
- “concerns” is the object of the verb.
- So it should be raises concerns, not “rises concerns”.
- Error in part (3).
Trick: If something is being lifted/brought up → raise; if it goes up by itself → rise.
Answer: (C) (3)
अवधारणा: Rise अकर्मक (object नहीं लेता); raise सकर्मक (object लेता है)।
- “concerns” क्रिया का object है।
- अतः raises concerns होना चाहिए, “rises” नहीं।
- त्रुटि भाग (3) में।
ट्रिक: कोई चीज़ उठाई जाए → raise; खुद ऊपर जाए → rise।
उत्तर: (C) (3)
Q3385.The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options.
The consensus was, not that the data itself was flawed, but that its interpretation by the junior analysts (1)/ were overly optimistic (2)/ given the volatile market conditions (3)/ and the inherent uncertainties. (4)
- A(1)
- B(2)
- C(3)
- D(4)
Show answer
Concept: The verb agrees with the main subject, not with a noun inside a phrase after it.
- Real subject: its interpretation (singular).
- “by the junior analysts” is only a modifying phrase.
- So was overly optimistic, not “were” – error in part (2).
Trick: Strike out the “of/by …” phrase and read: “its interpretation … were” – the mismatch is obvious.
Answer: (B) (2)
अवधारणा: क्रिया मुख्य कर्ता से मेल खाती है, बीच के वाक्यांश की संज्ञा से नहीं।
- वास्तविक कर्ता: its interpretation (एकवचन)
- “by the junior analysts” केवल बीच का वाक्यांश है।
- अतः was overly optimistic – त्रुटि भाग (2) में।
ट्रिक: “by …” वाला हिस्सा हटाकर पढ़ें: “its interpretation … were” – गलती साफ़ दिखती है।
उत्तर: (B) (2)
Q3386.Select the option that expresses the given sentence in the Active/Passive voice.
The security team can internally monitor all network traffic.
- AAll network traffic can be monitored internally by the security team.
- BAll network traffic could be monitored internally by the security team.
- CAll network traffic will be monitored internally by the security team.
- DAll network traffic might be monitored internally by the security team.
Show answer
Concept: Modal + V1 (active) → same modal + be + V3 (passive).
- Object “all network traffic” becomes the subject.
- can monitor → can be monitored.
- All network traffic can be monitored internally by the security team.
Trick: The modal never changes in voice change – keep “can” and reject could/will/might.
Answer: (A) All network traffic can be monitored internally by the security team.
अवधारणा: Modal + V1 (Active) → वही modal + be + V3 (Passive)।
- Object “all network traffic” subject बनेगा।
- can monitor → can be monitored
- All network traffic can be monitored internally by the security team.
ट्रिक: वाच्य बदलने पर modal नहीं बदलता – “can” रखें, बाकी हटाएँ।
उत्तर: (A) All network traffic can be monitored internally by the security team.
Q3387.Select the most appropriate antonym of the highlighted word:
She had the audacity to oppugn his conclusions.
- AContest
- BDefend
- CDispute
- DChallenge
Show answer
Concept: Oppugn = to question or argue against (an idea, claim).
- Contest, Dispute, Challenge all mean the same as oppugn.
- Opposite: Defend = support, argue in favour of.
Trick: Three options are synonyms of each other – the odd one out is the antonym.
Answer: (B) Defend
अवधारणा: Oppugn = किसी बात पर प्रश्न उठाना/विरोध करना।
- Contest, Dispute, Challenge – तीनों oppugn के समानार्थी।
- विलोम: Defend = समर्थन करना, बचाव करना।
ट्रिक: तीन विकल्प आपस में समानार्थी हैं – अलग वाला विलोम है।
उत्तर: (B) Defend
Q3388.Identify the incorrect spelling.
- AManiacal
- BOccassionally
- CBureaucracy
- DSurvival
Show answer
Concept: Find the misspelt word.
- Correct: Occasionally – double c, single s.
- “Occassionally” wrongly doubles the s.
- Maniacal, Bureaucracy, Survival are all correct.
Trick: Occasion: “2 c's, 1 s” – oc-CA-sion.
Answer: (B) Occassionally
अवधारणा: गलत वर्तनी वाला शब्द पहचानें।
- सही: Occasionally – दो c, एक s।
- “Occassionally” में s दो बार – गलत।
- Maniacal, Bureaucracy, Survival सही हैं।
ट्रिक: Occasion: “दो c, एक s” याद रखें।
उत्तर: (B) Occassionally
Q3389.Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
1. This essential gas then diffuses into the bloodstream, binding with haemoglobin in red blood cells.
2. Respiration is a complex physiological process vital for sustaining human life.
3. Simultaneously, carbon dioxide, a waste product, moves from the blood into the alveoli to be exhaled.
4. It begins with the inhalation of air, where oxygen travels through the airways to tiny air sacs called alveoli in the lungs.
- A2, 4, 1, 3
- B4, 1, 2, 3
- C2, 1, 4, 3
- D1, 3, 2, 4
Show answer
Concept: Start with the general statement, then follow the process in time order.
- 2 introduces respiration (topic sentence).
- 4 “It begins with…” – inhalation, oxygen reaches alveoli.
- 1 “This essential gas” = oxygen → into blood; 3 “Simultaneously” CO₂ goes out.
- Order: 2-4-1-3.
Trick: “It” and “This” need something before them – so 4 and 1 can't open; only 2 can.
Answer: (A) 2, 4, 1, 3
अवधारणा: पहले सामान्य कथन, फिर प्रक्रिया का समय-क्रम।
- 2 – श्वसन का परिचय (मुख्य वाक्य)
- 4 “It begins with…” – साँस लेना, ऑक्सीजन एल्विओलाई तक
- 1 “This essential gas” = ऑक्सीजन रक्त में; 3 “Simultaneously” CO₂ बाहर
- क्रम: 2-4-1-3
ट्रिक: “It” और “This” से वाक्य शुरू नहीं हो सकता – अतः शुरुआत 2 से।
उत्तर: (A) 2, 4, 1, 3
Directions (Qs. 90-94): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
The private sector, particularly in the current global economic climate, is characterised by a significant degree of volatility. Businesses, from small enterprises to multinational corporations, constantly navigate a landscape riddled with unpredictable shifts. This inherent instability stems from a multitude of factors, both internal and external, creating an environment where adaptability is not merely an option but a critical necessity for survival and growth. Externally, geopolitical events play a substantial role. Trade wars, international sanctions, and political instability in key regions can disrupt supply chains, alter market access, and inflate operational costs almost overnight. Furthermore, technological advancements, while offering immense opportunities, also present a double-edged sword. Rapid innovation can render existing products or services obsolete, forcing companies to invest heavily in research and development or risk falling behind competitors. Consumer preferences, driven by evolving social trends and increased environmental consciousness, are another potent force for change. A sudden shift in public sentiment towards sustainability, for example, can drastically impact demand for certain goods and compel industries to re-evaluate their production methods. Internally, companies face their own set of challenges. Labour market fluctuations, including shortages of skilled workers or rising wage demands, can exert immense pressure on operational budgets. Financial market instability, such as interest rate hikes or credit crunches, directly affects investment capacity and expansion plans. Moreover, the increasing pace of regulatory changes, especially in areas like environmental compliance and data protection, requires continuous vigilance and often significant expenditure to ensure adherence. This pervasive volatility mandates a strategic shift towards resilience. Businesses are increasingly investing in robust risk management frameworks, diversifying their supply bases, and fostering cultures of continuous learning and innovation. The ability to pivot quickly, reallocate resources efficiently, and anticipate future disruptions is paramount. Those that fail to build such organisational agility often find themselves unable to weather the storms of modern commerce, underscoring that in today’s private sector, the only constant is change itself.
Q3390.What does the passage state is a critical necessity for businesses in the volatile private sector?
- AMaintaining static business models.
- BAdaptability.
- CAvoiding all forms of risk.
- DFocusing only on short-term profits.
Show answer
Concept: Locate the phrase “critical necessity” in the opening part of the passage.
- The passage says the unstable environment makes adaptability “not merely an option but a critical necessity”.
- Static models and avoiding all risk go against the passage.
Trick: Search the exact keyword of the question in the passage – the answer sits next to it.
Answer: (B) Adaptability.
अवधारणा: गद्यांश के शुरुआती भाग में “critical necessity” शब्द खोजें।
- गद्यांश के अनुसार अस्थिर माहौल में adaptability (अनुकूलन क्षमता) “critical necessity” है।
- Static model या हर जोखिम से बचना गद्यांश के विरुद्ध है।
ट्रिक: प्रश्न का मुख्य शब्द गद्यांश में खोजें – उत्तर उसी के पास मिलता है।
उत्तर: (B) Adaptability.
Directions (Qs. 90-94): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
The private sector, particularly in the current global economic climate, is characterised by a significant degree of volatility. Businesses, from small enterprises to multinational corporations, constantly navigate a landscape riddled with unpredictable shifts. This inherent instability stems from a multitude of factors, both internal and external, creating an environment where adaptability is not merely an option but a critical necessity for survival and growth. Externally, geopolitical events play a substantial role. Trade wars, international sanctions, and political instability in key regions can disrupt supply chains, alter market access, and inflate operational costs almost overnight. Furthermore, technological advancements, while offering immense opportunities, also present a double-edged sword. Rapid innovation can render existing products or services obsolete, forcing companies to invest heavily in research and development or risk falling behind competitors. Consumer preferences, driven by evolving social trends and increased environmental consciousness, are another potent force for change. A sudden shift in public sentiment towards sustainability, for example, can drastically impact demand for certain goods and compel industries to re-evaluate their production methods. Internally, companies face their own set of challenges. Labour market fluctuations, including shortages of skilled workers or rising wage demands, can exert immense pressure on operational budgets. Financial market instability, such as interest rate hikes or credit crunches, directly affects investment capacity and expansion plans. Moreover, the increasing pace of regulatory changes, especially in areas like environmental compliance and data protection, requires continuous vigilance and often significant expenditure to ensure adherence. This pervasive volatility mandates a strategic shift towards resilience. Businesses are increasingly investing in robust risk management frameworks, diversifying their supply bases, and fostering cultures of continuous learning and innovation. The ability to pivot quickly, reallocate resources efficiently, and anticipate future disruptions is paramount. Those that fail to build such organisational agility often find themselves unable to weather the storms of modern commerce, underscoring that in today’s private sector, the only constant is change itself.
Q3391.Which of the following is an external factor contributing to private sector volatility?
- ALabour market fluctuations.
- BFinancial market instability.
- CRising wage demands.
- DGeopolitical events.
Show answer
Concept: The passage divides causes into “Externally…” and “Internally…” blocks.
- External block: geopolitical events (trade wars, sanctions, instability), technology, consumer preferences.
- Labour market, wage demands and financial instability fall under the internal block.
Trick: Three options belong to one (internal) group – the remaining one is external.
Answer: (D) Geopolitical events.
अवधारणा: गद्यांश कारणों को “Externally…” और “Internally…” दो भागों में बाँटता है।
- बाहरी: geopolitical events (व्यापार युद्ध, प्रतिबंध, राजनीतिक अस्थिरता), तकनीक, उपभोक्ता पसंद।
- Labour market, wage demands, financial instability – आंतरिक भाग में।
ट्रिक: तीन विकल्प एक ही (आंतरिक) समूह के हैं – बचा हुआ बाहरी है।
उत्तर: (D) Geopolitical events.
Directions (Qs. 90-94): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
The private sector, particularly in the current global economic climate, is characterised by a significant degree of volatility. Businesses, from small enterprises to multinational corporations, constantly navigate a landscape riddled with unpredictable shifts. This inherent instability stems from a multitude of factors, both internal and external, creating an environment where adaptability is not merely an option but a critical necessity for survival and growth. Externally, geopolitical events play a substantial role. Trade wars, international sanctions, and political instability in key regions can disrupt supply chains, alter market access, and inflate operational costs almost overnight. Furthermore, technological advancements, while offering immense opportunities, also present a double-edged sword. Rapid innovation can render existing products or services obsolete, forcing companies to invest heavily in research and development or risk falling behind competitors. Consumer preferences, driven by evolving social trends and increased environmental consciousness, are another potent force for change. A sudden shift in public sentiment towards sustainability, for example, can drastically impact demand for certain goods and compel industries to re-evaluate their production methods. Internally, companies face their own set of challenges. Labour market fluctuations, including shortages of skilled workers or rising wage demands, can exert immense pressure on operational budgets. Financial market instability, such as interest rate hikes or credit crunches, directly affects investment capacity and expansion plans. Moreover, the increasing pace of regulatory changes, especially in areas like environmental compliance and data protection, requires continuous vigilance and often significant expenditure to ensure adherence. This pervasive volatility mandates a strategic shift towards resilience. Businesses are increasingly investing in robust risk management frameworks, diversifying their supply bases, and fostering cultures of continuous learning and innovation. The ability to pivot quickly, reallocate resources efficiently, and anticipate future disruptions is paramount. Those that fail to build such organisational agility often find themselves unable to weather the storms of modern commerce, underscoring that in today’s private sector, the only constant is change itself.
Q3392.According to the passage, how can technological advancements be seen as a "double-edged sword"?
- AThey reduce operational costs but eliminate jobs.
- BThey offer opportunities but can make existing products obsolete.
- CThey simplify supply chains but increase regulatory scrutiny.
- DThey improve efficiency but always lead to financial instability.
Show answer
Concept: A double-edged sword has one good side and one harmful side.
- Good side: technology offers immense opportunities.
- Harmful side: rapid innovation can make existing products obsolete.
- Option B states exactly these two sides.
Trick: Reject options with words the passage never uses with technology – “jobs”, “regulatory scrutiny”, “always”.
Answer: (B) They offer opportunities but can make existing products obsolete.
अवधारणा: दोधारी तलवार = एक लाभदायक और एक हानिकारक पक्ष।
- लाभ: तकनीक बड़े अवसर देती है।
- हानि: तेज़ नवाचार मौजूदा उत्पादों को अप्रचलित (obsolete) बना सकता है।
- विकल्प B यही दोनों पक्ष बताता है।
ट्रिक: जो शब्द गद्यांश में तकनीक के साथ नहीं आए (“jobs”, “always”) – वे विकल्प हटाएँ।
उत्तर: (B) They offer opportunities but can make existing products obsolete.
Directions (Qs. 90-94): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
The private sector, particularly in the current global economic climate, is characterised by a significant degree of volatility. Businesses, from small enterprises to multinational corporations, constantly navigate a landscape riddled with unpredictable shifts. This inherent instability stems from a multitude of factors, both internal and external, creating an environment where adaptability is not merely an option but a critical necessity for survival and growth. Externally, geopolitical events play a substantial role. Trade wars, international sanctions, and political instability in key regions can disrupt supply chains, alter market access, and inflate operational costs almost overnight. Furthermore, technological advancements, while offering immense opportunities, also present a double-edged sword. Rapid innovation can render existing products or services obsolete, forcing companies to invest heavily in research and development or risk falling behind competitors. Consumer preferences, driven by evolving social trends and increased environmental consciousness, are another potent force for change. A sudden shift in public sentiment towards sustainability, for example, can drastically impact demand for certain goods and compel industries to re-evaluate their production methods. Internally, companies face their own set of challenges. Labour market fluctuations, including shortages of skilled workers or rising wage demands, can exert immense pressure on operational budgets. Financial market instability, such as interest rate hikes or credit crunches, directly affects investment capacity and expansion plans. Moreover, the increasing pace of regulatory changes, especially in areas like environmental compliance and data protection, requires continuous vigilance and often significant expenditure to ensure adherence. This pervasive volatility mandates a strategic shift towards resilience. Businesses are increasingly investing in robust risk management frameworks, diversifying their supply bases, and fostering cultures of continuous learning and innovation. The ability to pivot quickly, reallocate resources efficiently, and anticipate future disruptions is paramount. Those that fail to build such organisational agility often find themselves unable to weather the storms of modern commerce, underscoring that in today’s private sector, the only constant is change itself.
Q3393.What is one of the internal challenges mentioned that companies face due to volatility?
- AShifting consumer preferences.
- BInternational sanctions.
- CLabour market fluctuations.
- DDisruptions in global supply chains.
Show answer
Concept: Read the “Internally, companies face…” section.
- First internal challenge listed: labour market fluctuations (skill shortage, wage demands).
- Consumer preferences, sanctions and supply-chain disruptions are external.
Trick: This is the mirror of the previous question – what was rejected there is the answer here.
Answer: (C) Labour market fluctuations.
अवधारणा: “Internally, companies face…” वाला भाग पढ़ें।
- पहली आंतरिक चुनौती: labour market fluctuations (कुशल श्रमिकों की कमी, वेतन माँग)।
- उपभोक्ता पसंद, प्रतिबंध, सप्लाई-चेन बाधा – बाहरी कारक।
ट्रिक: यह पिछले प्रश्न का उल्टा है – वहाँ जो हटाया, यहाँ वही उत्तर है।
उत्तर: (C) Labour market fluctuations.
Directions (Qs. 90-94): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
The private sector, particularly in the current global economic climate, is characterised by a significant degree of volatility. Businesses, from small enterprises to multinational corporations, constantly navigate a landscape riddled with unpredictable shifts. This inherent instability stems from a multitude of factors, both internal and external, creating an environment where adaptability is not merely an option but a critical necessity for survival and growth. Externally, geopolitical events play a substantial role. Trade wars, international sanctions, and political instability in key regions can disrupt supply chains, alter market access, and inflate operational costs almost overnight. Furthermore, technological advancements, while offering immense opportunities, also present a double-edged sword. Rapid innovation can render existing products or services obsolete, forcing companies to invest heavily in research and development or risk falling behind competitors. Consumer preferences, driven by evolving social trends and increased environmental consciousness, are another potent force for change. A sudden shift in public sentiment towards sustainability, for example, can drastically impact demand for certain goods and compel industries to re-evaluate their production methods. Internally, companies face their own set of challenges. Labour market fluctuations, including shortages of skilled workers or rising wage demands, can exert immense pressure on operational budgets. Financial market instability, such as interest rate hikes or credit crunches, directly affects investment capacity and expansion plans. Moreover, the increasing pace of regulatory changes, especially in areas like environmental compliance and data protection, requires continuous vigilance and often significant expenditure to ensure adherence. This pervasive volatility mandates a strategic shift towards resilience. Businesses are increasingly investing in robust risk management frameworks, diversifying their supply bases, and fostering cultures of continuous learning and innovation. The ability to pivot quickly, reallocate resources efficiently, and anticipate future disruptions is paramount. Those that fail to build such organisational agility often find themselves unable to weather the storms of modern commerce, underscoring that in today’s private sector, the only constant is change itself.
Q3394.What strategic shift is mandated for businesses to manage pervasive volatility?
- ALimiting investment in research and development.
- BAvoiding diversification of supply bases.
- CBuilding resilience through risk management and agility.
- DResisting all forms of regulatory changes.
Show answer
Concept: The final part says volatility “mandates a strategic shift towards resilience”.
- Firms build risk management frameworks, diversify supply bases and develop agility.
- Options A, B, D state the opposite of what the passage recommends.
Trick: Options with “limiting”, “avoiding”, “resisting” sound negative – the passage's advice is positive and active.
Answer: (C) Building resilience through risk management and agility.
अवधारणा: अंतिम भाग: अस्थिरता “resilience (लचीलापन)” की ओर रणनीतिक बदलाव माँगती है।
- कंपनियाँ जोखिम प्रबंधन ढाँचा, विविध आपूर्ति स्रोत और agility विकसित करती हैं।
- A, B, D गद्यांश की सलाह के उलट हैं।
ट्रिक: “limiting”, “avoiding”, “resisting” वाले नकारात्मक विकल्प हटाएँ।
उत्तर: (C) Building resilience through risk management and agility.
Q3395.Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
1. Forest ecosystems act as natural regulators by absorbing carbon dioxide, releasing oxygen, and supporting diverse forms of life.
2. However, rapid deforestation caused by urban expansion, logging, and agriculture has severely disrupted these ecological balances.
3. This degradation not only accelerates climate change but also threatens countless species with extinction.
4. Protecting and restoring forests through sustainable practices is therefore essential to preserve biodiversity and maintain global climate stability.
- A1, 3, 2, 4
- B2, 1, 3, 4
- C1, 2, 3, 4
- D2, 3, 1, 4
Show answer
Concept: Topic → problem (However) → effect (This …) → solution (therefore).
- 1 – forests as natural regulators (introduction).
- 2 – “However”, deforestation disturbs the balance.
- 3 – “This degradation” gives the results; 4 – “therefore” protect forests.
- Order: 1-2-3-4.
Trick: “However” can never open a paragraph – that rules out options starting with 2.
Answer: (C) 1, 2, 3, 4
अवधारणा: विषय → समस्या (However) → प्रभाव (This …) → समाधान (therefore)।
- 1 – वन प्राकृतिक नियामक (परिचय)
- 2 – “However”, वनों की कटाई से संतुलन बिगड़ा
- 3 – “This degradation” प्रभाव; 4 – “therefore” वनों की रक्षा
- क्रम: 1-2-3-4
ट्रिक: “However” से अनुच्छेद शुरू नहीं होता – 2 से शुरू होने वाले विकल्प हटाएँ।
उत्तर: (C) 1, 2, 3, 4
Q3396.Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
The health of an ecosystem is directly proportional ____ the diversity of species it supports.
- Ayet
- Bbut
- Cto
- Dvia
Show answer
Concept: Fixed pairing: proportional always takes to.
- directly proportional to / inversely proportional to.
- Yet, but are conjunctions; via means “through”.
Yaad rakhein: Other fixed pairs: similar to, prior to, superior to, equivalent to.
Answer: (C) to
अवधारणा: निश्चित प्रयोग: proportional के बाद हमेशा to आता है।
- directly proportional to / inversely proportional to
- yet, but – संयोजक हैं; via = “के माध्यम से”
याद रखें: ऐसे ही: similar to, prior to, superior to, equivalent to।
उत्तर: (C) to
Q3397.Choose the most suitable option to replace the highlighted part of the sentence:
You will not succeed unless you do not work harder.
- Aunless you work
- Bif you did not work
- Cunless you will work
- Dif you work
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Concept: Unless already means “if not”, so it is not followed by another “not”.
- “unless you do not work” = “if you do not not work” – illogical.
- Correct: You will not succeed unless you work harder.
Trick: Replace “unless” with “if … not”: “if you do not work harder” – that is the intended meaning.
Answer: (A) unless you work
अवधारणा: Unless का अर्थ ही “if not” है, इसलिए इसके बाद फिर “not” नहीं लगता।
- “unless you do not work” = दोहरा निषेध – अर्थ उलट जाता है।
- सही: You will not succeed unless you work harder.
ट्रिक: unless की जगह “if … not” रखकर देखें – अर्थ स्पष्ट हो जाता है।
उत्तर: (A) unless you work
Q3398.Select the correct indirect/direct form of the given sentence.
She said that she intended to start her own business soon.
- AShe said, "She intends to start her own business soon."
- BShe said, "I intend to start my own business soon."
- CShe said, "I intended starting my own business soon."
- DShe said, "I had intended to start my own business soon."
Show answer
Concept: Undo the reporting changes: past → present, third person → first person.
- intended (reported past) → intend.
- she / her → I / my (the speaker is talking about herself).
- Add inverted commas around the spoken words.
Trick: In direct speech the speaker says “I”, and the tense steps one stage forward.
Answer: (B) She said, "I intend to start my own business soon."
अवधारणा: Indirect के बदलाव उलटें: past → present, तृतीय पुरुष → प्रथम पुरुष।
- intended → intend
- she / her → I / my
- बोले गए शब्दों को उद्धरण चिह्नों में रखें।
ट्रिक: Direct में वक्ता स्वयं “I” बोलता है और काल एक कदम आगे (present) आता है।
उत्तर: (B) She said, "I intend to start my own business soon."
Q3399.Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word:
Favourable
- AUnlikely
- BPropitious
- CHopeless
- DDoubtful
Show answer
Concept: Favourable = helpful, promising success.
- Propitious = indicating a good chance of success – closest meaning.
- Unlikely, Hopeless, Doubtful are negative in sense.
Trick: Three options are negative; only one carries a positive sense.
Answer: (B) Propitious
अवधारणा: Favourable = अनुकूल, सफलता की संभावना वाला।
- Propitious = शुभ/अनुकूल – निकटतम अर्थ।
- Unlikely, Hopeless, Doubtful – नकारात्मक अर्थ।
ट्रिक: तीन विकल्प नकारात्मक हैं; अकेला सकारात्मक शब्द उत्तर है।
उत्तर: (B) Propitious
Q3400.Select the sentence which uses the homonym of the given word.
Word: Digest
Meaning: a substance or mixture obtained by digestion.
- AThe digest was rich in organic nutrients.
- BBacteria converted the waste into a liquid digest.
- CThe weekly digest summarises the top news stories.
- DFarmers used the digest as a natural fertilizer.
Show answer
Concept: A homonym has the same spelling but a different meaning.
- Given sense: digest = material produced by digestion (a by-product).
- Options A, B, D use exactly this sense (nutrients, waste converted, fertiliser).
- Option C uses digest = a summary of news – a different meaning.
Trick: Pick the sentence where the word's meaning changes – the odd sense among the options.
Answer: (C) The weekly digest summarises the top news stories.
अवधारणा: समनाम शब्द की वर्तनी समान, पर अर्थ अलग होता है।
- दिया गया अर्थ: digest = पाचन से बना पदार्थ।
- A, B, D इसी अर्थ में (पोषक तत्व, अपशिष्ट से बना, खाद)।
- C में digest = समाचारों का सारांश – अलग अर्थ।
ट्रिक: वह वाक्य चुनें जिसमें शब्द का अर्थ बदल जाए।
उत्तर: (C) The weekly digest summarises the top news stories.
