Q&A: practice questions with answers

Concept: A Money Bill (Art. 109–110) can start only in the Lok Sabha.

1. Introduced in Lok Sabha (with the President's prior recommendation) → A.
2. Passed by Lok Sabha → B.
3. Sent to Rajya Sabha, which may only recommend within 14 days → C; then President's assent → D.

Yaad rakhein: Rajya Sabha can neither reject nor amend a Money Bill; the Lok Sabha Speaker certifies it as a Money Bill.

Answer: (A) A - B - C - D

Concept: BNSS, 2023 (in force from 1 July 2024) replaced the CrPC and stresses electronic evidence.

1. Section 105 BNSS requires audio-video recording of search and seizure, preferably on a mobile phone.
2. The recording is sent to the Magistrate without delay.

Yaad rakhein: The three new laws: BNS (replaces IPC), BNSS (replaces CrPC), BSA (replaces Evidence Act).

Answer: (B) Section 105

Concept: Dak Karmayogi is the training portal for postal staff under Mission Karmayogi.

1. The Department of Posts, under the Ministry of Communications, built it and rolled it out in 2022.
2. It offers online courses for Gramin Dak Sevaks and departmental employees.

Trick: The word "Dak" (post) points straight to the Department of Posts; DoPT runs the overall iGOT Karmayogi platform.

Answer: (C) Department of Posts (DoP)

Concept: The index (World Economic Forum) tracks how countries move to clean, secure energy.

1. Solar and wind output varies, so the grid must be flexible to absorb it.
2. Modern, digital grids plus storage (batteries, pumped hydro) provide this flexibility → C.
3. A, B and D either increase emissions or do not address flexibility.

Trick: Eliminate options that push fossil fuels or carbon-heavy industry – they contradict "energy transition".

Answer: (C) Modernizing and digitalizing power grids and energy storage

Concept: Dollu Kunitha is a drum dance of Karnataka.

1. In Kannada, "dollu" = drum and "kunitha" = dance.
2. It is performed mainly by the Kuruba (shepherd) community, with heavy drums hung from the neck.

Yaad rakhein: Other Karnataka forms: Yakshagana, Veeragase, Kamsale. Kerala's drum-linked art: Chenda melam; Tamil Nadu: Karagattam.

Answer: (C) Karnataka

Concept: A market-based scheme of the Environment Ministry (notified 2023) that rewards voluntary green action.

1. Actions such as planting trees on degraded land, saving water or managing waste earn tradable "green credits".
2. The goal is restoring the environment through incentives → A.

Trick: B, C, D harm the environment – a "green" scheme cannot promote them.

Answer: (A) Encourage environmental restoration through credit incentives

Concept: Test each statement on India's fertilizer sector.

1. 1 – False: India has no workable potash reserves and imports all its potash.
2. 2 – True: urea is the main nitrogenous fertilizer made in India. 3 – True: output jumped after the Green Revolution.
3. 4 – False: Gujarat (and Kerala, FACT) are major producers.

Trick: Once 1 is false, options A and D go; once 4 is false, C goes – B remains.

Answer: (B) Only 2 and 3

Concept: Carbon credits reward activities that cut or absorb greenhouse gases.

1. 1 – True: afforestation, renewable energy etc. earn credits.
2. 2 – True: the Carbon Credit Trading Scheme, 2023 includes a domestic offset (voluntary) mechanism.
3. 3 – False: India's carbon market draws its legal power from the 2022 amendment to the Energy Conservation Act; tax law has no role.

Yaad rakhein: The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) is the administrator of India's carbon market.

Answer: (A) Only 1 and 2 are correct

Concept: Jawa is linked with the Karma festival of Jharkhand's tribes and centres on fertility.

1. Unmarried girls sow seeds in Jawa baskets and tend the sprouts.
2. Offering green melons (cucumber-like fruit) is a symbolic prayer for a son and fertility.

Yaad rakhein: Jawa is fertility-themed; rain/crops relate more to festivals like Sarhul and Karma's harvest prayers.

Answer: (C) Son and fertility

Concept: Article 263 lets the President set up a council for Centre–State coordination.

1. Statement 1 – True: it rests on Article 263; it was set up in 1990 on the Sarkaria Commission's advice.
2. Statement 2 – False: the Council only advises; its recommendations do not bind the Union or the States.

Yaad rakhein: Chairman of the Inter-State Council = Prime Minister; members include all Chief Ministers.

Answer: (A) Only 1

Concept: Convert each % increase into a fraction multiplier.

1. 30% more $=\times \frac{13}{10}$; 25% more $=\times \frac{5}{4}$.
2. Take A = 40 (LCM-friendly): $B=40\times \frac{13}{10}=52$; $C=52\times \frac{5}{4}=65$.
3. A : C = 40 : 65 = 8 : 13.

Trick: A is smaller than C, so the ratio must be "small : big" – only B (8 : 13) and C (16 : 25) qualify; $1.3\times 1.25=1.625=\frac{13}{8}$ picks B.

Answer: (B) 8 : 13

Concept: Quantity = rate × time.

1. $0.365\times 6$: first $365\times 6=2190$.
2. Put back 3 decimal places → 2.190 L = 2.19 L.

Trick: Estimate: $0.365\approx 0.37$, $\times 6\approx 2.2$ – only 2.19 and 2.25 are near; the last digit $5\times 6=30$ ends in 0, so 2.190 → 2.19.

Answer: (A) 2.19 liters

Concept: Clear fractions by multiplying all terms by the LCM of denominators.

1. Ratio $\frac{2}{5}:\frac{1}{4}:\frac{3}{5}:1$; $\text{LCM}(5,4)=20$.
2. $\times 20$ → 8 : 5 : 12 : 20; total = 45 parts.
3. Smallest = $\frac{5}{45}\times 5$ m $=\frac{5}{9}$ m $\approx 0.556$ m.

Trick: 45 parts = 5 m, so 1 part = $\frac{1}{9}$ m; smallest share (5 parts) = $\frac{5}{9}=0.555\dots$ m.

Answer: (A) 0.556 m

Concept: Find the weighted cost per kg, then compare with selling price.

1. Cost of 5 kg = $2\times 110+3\times 170=220+510$ = ₹730 → ₹146/kg.
2. SP = ₹142 is less than CP → loss of ₹4 per kg.
3. Loss% = $\frac{4}{146}\times 100\approx 2.74\%$.

Trick: SP below CP means "loss" – options B and D go immediately; $\frac{4}{146}$ is just under 3% → 2.74%.

Answer: (A) 2.74% loss

Concept: With equal time, profit is shared in the ratio of capitals.

1. 30,000 : 50,000 : 90,000 = 3 : 5 : 9 (sum 17).
2. A = $\frac{3}{17}\times 30,000=\frac{90,000}{17}\approx$ ₹5,294.12.

Trick: $\frac{1}{17}$ of 30,000 ≈ 1,764.7; $\times 3\approx 5,294$ – only option B is near.

Answer: (B) ₹5294.12

Concept: Express every animal in one unit (sheep), then share rent by sheep-months.

1. Cow = $\frac{9}{3}=3$ sheep; horse = $\frac{5}{2}$ cows $=\frac{5}{2}\times 3=7.5$ sheep.
2. $X=15\times 5\times 7.5=562.5$; $Y=25\times 4\times 3+40\times 5=300+200=500$.
3. X's share = $\frac{562.5}{1062.5}=\frac{1125}{2125}=\frac{9}{17}$.

Trick: X's part must be a little over half (562.5 vs 500) and less than 1 – $\frac{9}{17}\approx 0.53$ fits; $\frac{8}{9}$ is too big, $\frac{9}{8}$ exceeds 1.

Answer: (D) $\frac{9}{17}$

Concept: Profit ratio = sum of (capital × months) for each partner.

1. "2 times more than B" → A = 3B. Let B = 1, A = 3.
2. A: $3\times 6+1.5\times 6=27$; B: $1\times 6+3\times 6=24$ → 9 : 8.
3. A = $\frac{9}{17}\times 65,000\approx$ ₹34,411.8.

Trick: "x times more" = (x + 1) times; with 9 : 8, A gets just over half of 65,000 (32,500) – only D fits.

Answer: (D) ₹34,411.77

Concept: Total = average × number.

1. All 12: $12\times 20,000$ = ₹2,40,000; 4 seniors: $4\times 30,000$ = ₹1,20,000.
2. Other 8: $1,20,000÷8$ = ₹15,000.

Trick: Deviation method: 4 seniors are +10,000 each = +40,000, shared by 8 others → each −5,000 → $20,000-5,000=15,000$.

Answer: (A) ₹15,000

Concept: Removed value = old total − new total.

1. $9\times 55=495$; $8\times 50=400$.
2. Highest score = $495-400=95$.

Trick: Removed value = new avg + (old count × change) $=50+9\times 5=95$.

Answer: (C) 95

Concept: With the same number of rounds, compare totals instead of averages.

1. Team A: 44 + 35 + 41 = 120 → average 40.
2. Team B: 46 + 50 + 49 = 145 → average ≈ 48.33.

Trick: Team B beats A in every single round (46 > 44, 50 > 35, 49 > 41) – no calculation needed.

Answer: (B) Team B