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Q1581.
Select the correct one-word substitute for:
Someone indifferent to, or distrustful of, human integrity and moral values.
  1. AIdealist
  2. BCynic
  3. COptimist
  4. DHumanitarian
Show answer

Concept: A person who doubts that people act from honest or good motives.

  1. Cynic = distrustful of human sincerity and goodness.
  2. Idealist and Optimist believe in goodness – opposite; Humanitarian works for human welfare.

Yaad rakhein: Cynic ↔ Idealist are natural opposites – useful for antonym questions too.

Answer: (B) Cynic

अवधारणा: ऐसा व्यक्ति जो मानता है कि लोग ईमानदारी से काम नहीं करते।

हल:

  1. Cynic = मानवीय ईमानदारी और नैतिकता पर अविश्वास करने वाला।
  2. Idealist और Optimist अच्छाई में विश्वास करते हैं – उल्टा; Humanitarian = मानव कल्याण हेतु कार्य करने वाला।

याद रखें: Cynic ↔ Idealist परस्पर विलोम हैं – विलोम प्रश्नों में भी काम आते हैं।

उत्तर: (B) Cynic

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionOne-word substitution – CynicSSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →
Q1582.
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
The manager felt caught ____ a rock and a hard place when he had to choose between laying off staff or cutting salaries.
  1. Aupon
  2. Bbetween
  3. Cinside
  4. Doutside
Show answer

Concept: Fixed idioms cannot change their preposition.

  1. The idiom is 'between a rock and a hard place'.
  2. Meaning: facing two equally bad choices – layoffs or salary cuts.

Trick: Two nouns joined by 'and' after a blank → 'between' (between A and B).

Answer: (B) between

अवधारणा: स्थिर मुहावरों का पूर्वसर्ग नहीं बदलता।

हल:

  1. मुहावरा है 'between a rock and a hard place'।
  2. अर्थ: दो समान रूप से बुरे विकल्पों में फँसना – छँटनी या वेतन कटौती।

ट्रिक: रिक्त स्थान के बाद 'A and B' हो तो 'between' आता है।

उत्तर: (B) between

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionIdiom – between a rock and a hard placeSSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →
Q1583.
Select the correct indirect/direct form of the given sentence.
The police said, "If the firefighters did not arrive on time, people would be burning inside their homes."
  1. AThe police said that people would be burning inside their homes if the firefighters had not arrived on time.
  2. BThe police said that if the firefighters do not arrive on time people will be burning inside their homes.
  3. CThe police exclaimed that people burn when firefighters do not arrive on time.
  4. DThe police pointed towards the fact that people burn when firefighters do not arrive on time.
Show answer

Concept: With a past reporting verb, past simple → past perfect; 'would' stays.

  1. 'did not arrive' → 'had not arrived'.
  2. 'would be burning' is unchanged.
  3. Option (A) follows both rules and keeps the meaning.

Trick: Reject options that change the sense to a general truth ((C), (D)) or move to present tense ((B)).

Answer: (A) The police said that people would be burning inside their homes if the firefighters had not arrived on time.

अवधारणा: Reporting verb भूतकाल में हो तो past simple → past perfect; 'would' वैसा ही।

हल:

  1. 'did not arrive' → 'had not arrived'।
  2. 'would be burning' अपरिवर्तित।
  3. विकल्प (A) दोनों नियम मानता है और अर्थ भी वही रखता है।

ट्रिक: जो विकल्प अर्थ को सामान्य सत्य बना दें ((C), (D)) या present में ले जाएँ ((B)), उन्हें हटा दें।

उत्तर: (A) The police said that people would be burning inside their homes if the firefighters had not arrived on time.

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionNarration – conditional sentenceSSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →
Q1584.
The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options.
The research team concluded that (1)/ each participant must submit (2)/ their reports before (3)/ the deadline on Monday. (4)
  1. A(1)
  2. B(2)
  3. C(3)
  4. D(4)
Show answer

Concept: 'Each + singular noun' takes a singular pronoun and noun.

  1. Subject: 'each participant' – singular.
  2. 'their reports' should be 'his or her report'.
  3. Error lies in part (3).

Trick: Each / every / either / neither → singular verb and singular pronoun.

Answer: (C) (3)

अवधारणा: 'Each + एकवचन संज्ञा' के साथ एकवचन सर्वनाम आता है।

हल:

  1. कर्ता 'each participant' एकवचन है।
  2. 'their reports' की जगह 'his or her report' होना चाहिए।
  3. त्रुटि भाग (3) में है।

ट्रिक: Each / every / either / neither → एकवचन क्रिया और एकवचन सर्वनाम।

उत्तर: (C) (3)

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionError spotting – pronoun agreementSSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →
Q1585.
Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word: CRITICIZE
  1. AAdmire
  2. BCondemn
  3. CProtect
  4. DApplaud
Show answer

Concept: Criticize = to find fault, disapprove.

  1. Condemn = to express strong disapproval → closest meaning.
  2. Admire and Applaud are praise words (antonyms); Protect is unrelated.

Trick: Eliminate the two positive words first – the remaining negative one is the synonym.

Answer: (B) Condemn

अवधारणा: Criticize = दोष निकालना, आलोचना करना।

हल:

  1. Condemn = कड़ी निंदा करना → निकटतम अर्थ।
  2. Admire और Applaud प्रशंसा (विलोम); Protect असंबंधित।

ट्रिक: पहले दो सकारात्मक शब्द हटाएँ – बचा नकारात्मक शब्द समानार्थी है।

उत्तर: (B) Condemn

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionSynonym – CriticizeSSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →
Q1586.
Select the option that expresses the given sentence in the Active/Passive voice.
Why can't you repair the car?
  1. AWhy cannot the car be repaired by you?
  2. BWhy can't the car be repaired by you?
  3. CWhy the car cannot be repaired by you?
  4. DWhy could not the car be repaired by you?
Show answer

Concept: Modal passive: modal + be + V3; question order stays.

  1. Object 'the car' becomes subject.
  2. can't repair → can't be repaired.
  3. Why can't the car be repaired by you?

Trick: Keep the same modal and the same form (can't stays can't, not 'could' or 'cannot').

Answer: (B) Why can't the car be repaired by you?

अवधारणा: Modal passive: modal + be + V3; प्रश्न का क्रम वही।

हल:

  1. कर्म 'the car' कर्ता बनता है।
  2. can't repair → can't be repaired।
  3. Why can't the car be repaired by you?

ट्रिक: वही modal और वही रूप रखें (can't ही, 'could' या 'cannot' नहीं)।

उत्तर: (B) Why can't the car be repaired by you?

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionVoice – interrogative with modalSSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →
Q1587.
The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options.
The players in the national team (1)/ works tirelessly (2)/ to improve their performance (3)/ before every major tournament. (4)
  1. A(1)
  2. B(2)
  3. C(3)
  4. D(4)
Show answer

Concept: The verb agrees with the main subject, not with the noun in the prepositional phrase.

  1. Subject = 'The players' (plural).
  2. 'works' → 'work'.
  3. Error in part (2).

Trick: Mentally remove 'in the national team' – 'The players works' sounds wrong at once.

Answer: (B) (2)

अवधारणा: क्रिया मुख्य कर्ता से मेल खाती है, बीच के वाक्यांश से नहीं।

हल:

  1. कर्ता = 'The players' (बहुवचन)।
  2. 'works' → 'work'।
  3. त्रुटि भाग (2) में।

ट्रिक: 'in the national team' हटाकर पढ़ें – 'The players works' तुरंत गलत लगता है।

उत्तर: (B) (2)

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionError spotting – subject–verb agreementSSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →
Q1588.
Choose the correct one-word substitute for:
An animal that feeds on the flesh of its own species.
  1. ACannibal
  2. BHerbivore
  3. CCarnivore
  4. DParasite
Show answer

Concept: Key words: flesh of its OWN species.

  1. Cannibal = eats members of its own kind.
  2. Carnivore = eats meat of any animal; Herbivore = plant-eater; Parasite = lives on a host.

Yaad rakhein: Omnivore eats both plants and animals; Insectivore eats insects.

Answer: (A) Cannibal

अवधारणा: मुख्य शब्द: अपनी ही प्रजाति का मांस।

हल:

  1. Cannibal = अपनी ही जाति के जीवों को खाने वाला।
  2. Carnivore = किसी भी पशु का मांस खाने वाला; Herbivore = शाकाहारी; Parasite = परजीवी।

याद रखें: Omnivore = सर्वाहारी; Insectivore = कीटभक्षी।

उत्तर: (A) Cannibal

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionOne-word substitution – CannibalSSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →
Q1589.
Select the most appropriate meaning of the highlighted idiom.
She throws her hat into the ring for the post.
  1. AGambling without care
  2. BStepping down from a role
  3. CAdmitting defeat openly
  4. DEntering a contest or announcing candidacy
Show answer

Concept: Idiom of announcing entry into a competition.

  1. 'Throw one's hat into the ring' = to declare oneself a candidate / join a contest.
  2. 'for the post' confirms she is applying for the position.

Yaad rakhein: The opposite idea is 'throw in the towel' – to give up.

Answer: (D) Entering a contest or announcing candidacy

अवधारणा: प्रतियोगिता में उतरने की घोषणा का मुहावरा।

हल:

  1. 'Throw one's hat into the ring' = उम्मीदवारी घोषित करना / मुकाबले में उतरना।
  2. 'for the post' बताता है कि वह पद के लिए दावेदारी कर रही है।

याद रखें: उल्टा भाव: 'throw in the towel' = हार मान लेना।

उत्तर: (D) Entering a contest or announcing candidacy

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionIdiom – throw one's hat into the ringSSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →
Q1590.
Select the sentence containing the homonym of the highlighted word.
The minister gave a stern warning to the officer.
  1. AHis manner was known to be stern.
  2. BHer face showed a stern expression.
  3. CThe man stood at the stern of the podium.
  4. DThe teacher's tone was stern and serious.
Show answer

Concept: Homonym = same spelling/sound, different meaning.

  1. Given sentence: stern (adjective) = strict, severe.
  2. (A), (B), (D) use the same 'strict' sense.
  3. (C): stern (noun) = the back part of a ship – different meaning.

Yaad rakhein: Stern (rear) ↔ Bow (front) of a ship.

Answer: (C) The man stood at the stern of the podium.

अवधारणा: समनाम = वर्तनी/उच्चारण समान, अर्थ भिन्न।

हल:

  1. दिए वाक्य में stern (विशेषण) = कठोर, सख्त।
  2. (A), (B), (D) में यही 'सख्त' अर्थ है।
  3. (C) में stern (संज्ञा) = जहाज़ का पिछला भाग – अलग अर्थ।

याद रखें: जहाज़: Stern = पिछला भाग, Bow = अगला भाग।

उत्तर: (C) The man stood at the stern of the podium.

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionHomonym – sternSSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →
Q1591.
Select the option that expresses the given sentence in the Active/Passive voice.
The board intends to implement the proposal after the final discussion.
  1. AThe implementation is to be intended by the board after the final discussion.
  2. BThe proposal is meant to be implemented and intended by the board for the final discussion.
  3. CThe board is intended to implement by the proposal after the final discussion.
  4. DThe proposal is intended to be implemented by the board after the final discussion.
Show answer

Concept: 'Intends to + V1' becomes 'is intended to be + V3'.

  1. Object 'the proposal' → subject.
  2. intends to implement → is intended to be implemented.
  3. Add 'by the board' and keep 'after the final discussion'.

Trick: Only the object of the infinitive (the proposal) can start the passive sentence – this removes (A) and (C).

Answer: (D) The proposal is intended to be implemented by the board after the final discussion.

अवधारणा: 'Intends to + V1' बदलकर 'is intended to be + V3'।

हल:

  1. कर्म 'the proposal' → कर्ता।
  2. intends to implement → is intended to be implemented।
  3. 'by the board' जोड़ें, 'after the final discussion' वैसा ही।

ट्रिक: Passive वाक्य 'the proposal' से ही शुरू होगा – इससे (A) और (C) हट जाते हैं।

उत्तर: (D) The proposal is intended to be implemented by the board after the final discussion.

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionVoice – infinitive in passiveSSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →
Q1592.
Select the most appropriate option to substitute the underline/Bold segment in the given sentence.
The police warned against the dangers of sailing alone.
  1. Athat dangers are sailing alone
  2. Bof the dangers of sailing alone
  3. Cit's dangerous of sailing alone
  4. Dof the dangers against sailing alone
Show answer

Concept: 'Warn of' + danger; 'warn against' + an action.

  1. 'warned against the dangers' is unidiomatic.
  2. Correct: 'warned of the dangers of sailing alone'.
  3. (D) wrongly keeps 'against' after 'dangers'.

Trick: Shortcut: warn OF danger, warn AGAINST doing something.

Answer: (B) of the dangers of sailing alone

अवधारणा: 'Warn of' + ख़तरा; 'warn against' + कोई कार्य।

हल:

  1. 'warned against the dangers' मुहावरेदार नहीं है।
  2. सही: 'warned of the dangers of sailing alone'।
  3. (D) में 'dangers' के बाद फिर 'against' गलत है।

ट्रिक: याद रखें: warn OF danger, warn AGAINST doing something।

उत्तर: (B) of the dangers of sailing alone

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionSentence improvement – warn ofSSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →
Q1593.
Select the correct indirect/direct form of the given sentence.
She said that she could not compete in the marathon due to injured ankles.
  1. AShe said, "I can not compete in the marathon due to pain in my ankles."
  2. BShe said, "I could not compete in the marathon due to healthy ankles."
  3. CShe said, "I can not compete in the marathon due to injured ankles."
  4. DShe said, "I could compete in the marathon if not for the injured ankles."
Show answer

Concept: Reverse the backshift: could → can; she → I.

  1. 'she could not compete' → "I can not compete".
  2. The reason must stay 'injured ankles'.
  3. (A) changes the reason, (B) says 'healthy', (D) changes meaning.

Trick: In direct speech the tense moves one step forward; the content must not change.

Answer: (C) She said, "I can not compete in the marathon due to injured ankles."

अवधारणा: Backshift उलटें: could → can; she → I।

हल:

  1. 'she could not compete' → "I can not compete"।
  2. कारण 'injured ankles' ही रहना चाहिए।
  3. (A) कारण बदलता है, (B) 'healthy' कहता है, (D) अर्थ बदलता है।

ट्रिक: प्रत्यक्ष कथन में काल एक कदम आगे आता है; विषय-वस्तु नहीं बदलती।

उत्तर: (C) She said, "I can not compete in the marathon due to injured ankles."

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionNarration – indirect to directSSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →
Q1594.
Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
1. People now watch videos, play games, and use social media on their phones.
2. Mobile phones have changed how we entertain ourselves a lot.
3. This means fewer people use TVs or game consoles as much.
4. So, for many, their phone is the main way they have fun.
  1. A1, 3, 2, 4
  2. B2, 1, 4, 3
  3. C2, 4, 1, 3
  4. D3, 1, 2, 4
Show answer

Concept: Topic → examples → summary → consequence.

  1. 2 states the theme: phones changed entertainment.
  2. 1 lists what people do on phones.
  3. 4 ('So…') sums up: the phone is the main source of fun; 3 ('This means…') adds the effect on TVs/consoles.

Trick: Both (B) and (C) start with 2; sentence 1 must follow 2 to explain 'changed' → (B).

Answer: (B) 2, 1, 4, 3

अवधारणा: विषय → उदाहरण → सार → परिणाम।

हल:

  1. 2 विषय बताता है: फ़ोन ने मनोरंजन बदला।
  2. 1 बताता है लोग फ़ोन पर क्या करते हैं।
  3. 4 ('So…') सार: फ़ोन मनोरंजन का मुख्य साधन; 3 ('This means…') TV/कंसोल पर असर।

ट्रिक: (B) और (C) दोनों 2 से शुरू; 'changed' की व्याख्या के लिए 1 को 2 के बाद आना होगा → (B)।

उत्तर: (B) 2, 1, 4, 3

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionPara jumble – mobile entertainmentSSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →
Q1595.
Choose the correct spelling.
  1. AParaconsistent
  2. BParaconssistent
  3. CParaconsistint
  4. DParaconsestent
Show answer

Concept: Prefix + root word: the root keeps its normal spelling.

  1. para + consistent = Paraconsistent.
  2. Other options double 's' or change vowels ('-int', '-sestent').

Trick: If you can spell the root ('consistent'), just add the prefix.

Answer: (A) Paraconsistent

अवधारणा: उपसर्ग + मूल शब्द: मूल शब्द की वर्तनी नहीं बदलती।

हल:

  1. para + consistent = Paraconsistent।
  2. अन्य विकल्पों में 's' दोहरा या स्वर बदले ('-int', '-sestent')।

ट्रिक: मूल शब्द 'consistent' सही लिखें, बस उपसर्ग जोड़ दें।

उत्तर: (A) Paraconsistent

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionSpelling – paraconsistentSSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →
Directions (Qs. 96-100): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

The chronicles of polar exploration mirror humanity’s insatiable curiosity to conquer the unknown. From the perilous expeditions of Roald Amundsen and Robert Falcon Scott in the early 20th century to the scientific missions of today, each journey to the Arctic and Antarctic regions has been a study in courage, endurance, and discovery. The polar explorers of the past braved unimaginable conditions — biting winds, perpetual darkness, and isolation — to map territories that defied comprehension. For them, exploration was not only geographical but existential: a confrontation with nature’s extremities and with their own limitations. In the modern era, the purpose of polar exploration has shifted. Once motivated by conquest and national prestige, contemporary missions focus on climate research, biodiversity preservation, and understanding Earth’s fragile cryosphere. Satellite imagery and advanced instrumentation have replaced dog sleds and sextants, yet the underlying spirit of discovery persists. The ice continues to conceal both mysteries of the past and warnings for the future, reminding humanity that exploration, in its truest sense, is an act of stewardship as much as ambition.
Q1596.
Which of the following best captures the author's tone throughout the passage?
  1. ACritical and dismissive
  2. BAnalytical yet reverent
  3. CSarcastic and humorous
  4. DDetached and indifferent
Show answer

Concept: Tone = the author's attitude in the passage.

  1. The writer compares old and new exploration objectively → analytical.
  2. Words like 'courage', 'endurance', 'spirit of discovery' show admiration → reverent.

Trick: Negative-tone options (critical, sarcastic, indifferent) fail when the passage praises its subject.

Answer: (B) Analytical yet reverent

अवधारणा: स्वर = गद्यांश में लेखक का दृष्टिकोण।

हल:

  1. लेखक पुराने और नए अन्वेषण की तुलना तर्कपूर्ण ढंग से करता है → analytical।
  2. 'courage', 'endurance', 'spirit of discovery' जैसे शब्द सम्मान दिखाते हैं → reverent।

ट्रिक: जब गद्यांश प्रशंसा करे, तो नकारात्मक स्वर वाले विकल्प (critical, sarcastic) हटा दें।

उत्तर: (B) Analytical yet reverent

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionReading comprehension – toneSSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →
Directions (Qs. 96-100): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

The chronicles of polar exploration mirror humanity’s insatiable curiosity to conquer the unknown. From the perilous expeditions of Roald Amundsen and Robert Falcon Scott in the early 20th century to the scientific missions of today, each journey to the Arctic and Antarctic regions has been a study in courage, endurance, and discovery. The polar explorers of the past braved unimaginable conditions — biting winds, perpetual darkness, and isolation — to map territories that defied comprehension. For them, exploration was not only geographical but existential: a confrontation with nature’s extremities and with their own limitations. In the modern era, the purpose of polar exploration has shifted. Once motivated by conquest and national prestige, contemporary missions focus on climate research, biodiversity preservation, and understanding Earth’s fragile cryosphere. Satellite imagery and advanced instrumentation have replaced dog sleds and sextants, yet the underlying spirit of discovery persists. The ice continues to conceal both mysteries of the past and warnings for the future, reminding humanity that exploration, in its truest sense, is an act of stewardship as much as ambition.
Q1597.
The word "cryosphere" as used in the passage refers to:
  1. AThe frozen parts of Earth's surface such as glaciers and polar ice caps
  2. BThe upper layers of Earth's atmosphere
  3. CRegions affected by volcanic activity
  4. DThe underwater zones near the equator
Show answer

Concept: 'Cryo' = cold/ice; 'sphere' = region of Earth.

  1. Cryosphere = Earth's frozen part – glaciers, ice sheets, sea ice, permafrost.
  2. The passage links it to polar ice and climate study.

Yaad rakhein: Earth's spheres: lithosphere (rock), hydrosphere (water), atmosphere (air), biosphere (life), cryosphere (ice).

Answer: (A) The frozen parts of Earth's surface such as glaciers and polar ice caps

अवधारणा: 'Cryo' = ठंड/बर्फ़; 'sphere' = पृथ्वी का मंडल।

हल:

  1. Cryosphere = पृथ्वी का हिमाच्छादित भाग – हिमनद, बर्फ़ की चादरें, समुद्री बर्फ़, पर्माफ़्रॉस्ट।
  2. गद्यांश इसे ध्रुवीय बर्फ़ और जलवायु अध्ययन से जोड़ता है।

याद रखें: पृथ्वी के मंडल: स्थलमंडल, जलमंडल, वायुमंडल, जैवमंडल, हिममंडल (cryosphere)।

उत्तर: (A) The frozen parts of Earth's surface such as glaciers and polar ice caps

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionReading comprehension – word meaning (cryosphere)SSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →
Directions (Qs. 96-100): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

The chronicles of polar exploration mirror humanity’s insatiable curiosity to conquer the unknown. From the perilous expeditions of Roald Amundsen and Robert Falcon Scott in the early 20th century to the scientific missions of today, each journey to the Arctic and Antarctic regions has been a study in courage, endurance, and discovery. The polar explorers of the past braved unimaginable conditions — biting winds, perpetual darkness, and isolation — to map territories that defied comprehension. For them, exploration was not only geographical but existential: a confrontation with nature’s extremities and with their own limitations. In the modern era, the purpose of polar exploration has shifted. Once motivated by conquest and national prestige, contemporary missions focus on climate research, biodiversity preservation, and understanding Earth’s fragile cryosphere. Satellite imagery and advanced instrumentation have replaced dog sleds and sextants, yet the underlying spirit of discovery persists. The ice continues to conceal both mysteries of the past and warnings for the future, reminding humanity that exploration, in its truest sense, is an act of stewardship as much as ambition.
Q1598.
In the clause "each journey to the Arctic and Antarctic regions has been a study in courage, endurance, and discovery," what is the function of the phrase "in courage, endurance, and discovery"?
  1. AIt acts as an adverbial phrase of manner.
  2. BIt functions as an adjective modifying "journey."
  3. CIt serves as a prepositional phrase showing respect.
  4. DIt acts as a complement explaining the kind of study.
Show answer

Concept: A phrase after a noun in a complement often tells 'what kind'.

  1. 'has been a study' – 'a study' is the subject complement.
  2. 'in courage, endurance, and discovery' specifies the kind of study.

Trick: Ask which word the phrase answers a question about: 'a study in what?' → it completes 'study'.

Answer: (D) It acts as a complement explaining the kind of study.

अवधारणा: Complement में संज्ञा के बाद आया वाक्यांश अक्सर 'किस प्रकार का' बताता है।

हल:

  1. 'has been a study' – 'a study' subject complement है।
  2. 'in courage, endurance, and discovery' बताता है कि अध्ययन किस प्रकार का है।

ट्रिक: पूछें – 'a study in what?' → वाक्यांश 'study' को पूरा करता है।

उत्तर: (D) It acts as a complement explaining the kind of study.

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionReading comprehension – grammatical functionSSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →
Directions (Qs. 96-100): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

The chronicles of polar exploration mirror humanity’s insatiable curiosity to conquer the unknown. From the perilous expeditions of Roald Amundsen and Robert Falcon Scott in the early 20th century to the scientific missions of today, each journey to the Arctic and Antarctic regions has been a study in courage, endurance, and discovery. The polar explorers of the past braved unimaginable conditions — biting winds, perpetual darkness, and isolation — to map territories that defied comprehension. For them, exploration was not only geographical but existential: a confrontation with nature’s extremities and with their own limitations. In the modern era, the purpose of polar exploration has shifted. Once motivated by conquest and national prestige, contemporary missions focus on climate research, biodiversity preservation, and understanding Earth’s fragile cryosphere. Satellite imagery and advanced instrumentation have replaced dog sleds and sextants, yet the underlying spirit of discovery persists. The ice continues to conceal both mysteries of the past and warnings for the future, reminding humanity that exploration, in its truest sense, is an act of stewardship as much as ambition.
Q1599.
What shift in purpose does the passage identify between early and modern polar expeditions?
  1. AFrom scientific observation to commercial gain
  2. BFrom exploration for conquest to exploration for environmental understanding
  3. CFrom adventure tourism to military control
  4. DFrom isolation to technological recreation
Show answer

Concept: Locate the 'once… now…' contrast in the passage.

  1. Past: conquest and national prestige.
  2. Present: climate research, biodiversity, the cryosphere – environmental understanding.

Trick: Pick the option that mirrors both halves of the contrast in the text.

Answer: (B) From exploration for conquest to exploration for environmental understanding

अवधारणा: गद्यांश में 'पहले… अब…' की तुलना खोजें।

हल:

  1. पहले: विजय और राष्ट्रीय प्रतिष्ठा।
  2. अब: जलवायु शोध, जैव-विविधता, हिममंडल – पर्यावरण की समझ।

ट्रिक: वह विकल्प चुनें जो तुलना के दोनों हिस्सों से मेल खाए।

उत्तर: (B) From exploration for conquest to exploration for environmental understanding

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionReading comprehension – main shiftSSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →
Directions (Qs. 96-100): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

The chronicles of polar exploration mirror humanity’s insatiable curiosity to conquer the unknown. From the perilous expeditions of Roald Amundsen and Robert Falcon Scott in the early 20th century to the scientific missions of today, each journey to the Arctic and Antarctic regions has been a study in courage, endurance, and discovery. The polar explorers of the past braved unimaginable conditions — biting winds, perpetual darkness, and isolation — to map territories that defied comprehension. For them, exploration was not only geographical but existential: a confrontation with nature’s extremities and with their own limitations. In the modern era, the purpose of polar exploration has shifted. Once motivated by conquest and national prestige, contemporary missions focus on climate research, biodiversity preservation, and understanding Earth’s fragile cryosphere. Satellite imagery and advanced instrumentation have replaced dog sleds and sextants, yet the underlying spirit of discovery persists. The ice continues to conceal both mysteries of the past and warnings for the future, reminding humanity that exploration, in its truest sense, is an act of stewardship as much as ambition.
Q1600.
What is the most appropriate meaning of the word "stewardship" in the final line?
  1. AOwnership and control
  2. BCareful management and responsibility
  3. CPassive observation
  4. DHeroic dominance
Show answer

Concept: Stewardship = responsible care of something entrusted to you.

  1. The last line sets 'stewardship' against 'ambition' – care versus conquest.
  2. So it means careful management and responsibility.

Yaad rakhein: A 'steward' manages property for others – he looks after it, he does not own it.

Answer: (B) Careful management and responsibility

अवधारणा: Stewardship = सौंपी गई वस्तु की ज़िम्मेदारी से देखभाल।

हल:

  1. अंतिम पंक्ति में 'stewardship' को 'ambition' के विपरीत रखा गया है – देखभाल बनाम विजय।
  2. अतः अर्थ: सावधानीपूर्ण प्रबंधन और उत्तरदायित्व।

याद रखें: 'Steward' दूसरों की संपत्ति का प्रबंधक होता है – मालिक नहीं।

उत्तर: (B) Careful management and responsibility

SSC CGLEnglish ComprehensionReading comprehension – word meaning (stewardship)SSC CGL 2025 · 21 Sep Shift 3 →