Q1881.Choose the correct one-word substitute for:
The old machine is now something that is no longer in use.
- AObsolete
- BAbsolute
- CMedieval
- DAntique
Show answer
Concept: Obsolete = no longer in use; outdated.
- 'No longer in use' = obsolete.
- Absolute = complete/total; Medieval = of the Middle Ages; Antique = old and valued (still used/collected).
Trick: Don't confuse obsolete (out of use) with absolute (complete) – they sound similar.
Answer: (A) Obsolete
अवधारणा: Obsolete = जो अब उपयोग में नहीं; पुराना पड़ चुका।
- 'अब उपयोग में नहीं' = obsolete।
- Absolute = पूर्ण; Medieval = मध्यकालीन; Antique = पुरानी मूल्यवान वस्तु।
ट्रिक: obsolete (अप्रचलित) और absolute (पूर्ण) की ध्वनि मिलती है – भ्रमित न हों।
उत्तर: (A) Obsolete
Q1882.Choose the correct one-word substitution for:
She is regarded as a person with great skill in music and the arts.
- APerformer
- BVirtuoso
- CComposer
- DProdigy
Cloze Test
Show answer
Concept: Virtuoso = a person highly skilled in music or another art.
- 'Great skill in music and the arts' = virtuoso.
- Performer = one who performs; Composer = writes music; Prodigy = a young person with exceptional talent.
Trick: Prodigy stresses age (child genius); virtuoso stresses mastery at any age.
Answer: (B) Virtuoso
अवधारणा: Virtuoso = संगीत या कला में अत्यंत निपुण व्यक्ति।
- 'संगीत और कलाओं में महान कौशल' = virtuoso।
- Performer = प्रस्तुति देने वाला; Composer = संगीत रचने वाला; Prodigy = असाधारण प्रतिभाशाली बच्चा/युवा।
ट्रिक: Prodigy में उम्र पर ज़ोर (बाल प्रतिभा); virtuoso में निपुणता पर।
उत्तर: (B) Virtuoso
Directions (Qs. 83-87): In the following passage some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
Urban decay is not merely a consequence of infrastructural erosion, but a semantic artifact where stone and steel function as archives of postponed modernities. Cracks, corrosion and spectral scaffolds do not erode meaning; rather, they transform it, encoding absence as presence and entropy as (83) ____ . These architectural remains resist the chronological discipline of masterplans, offering instead a fugitive temporality — unruly, layered and unresolved. The ruin, within this framework, is not evidence of failed design, but an overdetermined grammar of collapse. Its language is spoken through spalling concrete and oxidized signage, rejecting the sheen of civic optimism. To aestheticize decay without interrogation is to participate in ontological (84) ____ , where disorder is rendered ornamental and suffering elevated to spectacle. What presents itself as renewal often enacts spatial erasure, as memory is displaced by speculative capital and "heritage" becomes a sanitized curatorial gesture. To read ruins poetically is to suspend utility in favour of (85) ____ , allowing debris to articulate what infrastructure conceals. Such spaces demand not beautification, but semiotic excavation, wherein rusted railings and abandoned corridors emerge as sites of interpretive resistance. Yet decay defies even romantic appropriation. It is not allegory, but ontic excess — a surplus that escapes containment. Gentrification cannot domesticate it; nostalgia cannot preserve it. It persists, insurgent and mnemonic, as a (86) ____ syntax inscribed across civic amnesia. The ruins of the city are not remnants of the past; they are discursive ruptures — interruptions in the urban narrative that must be read not as loss, but as infrastructural (87) ____ .
Q1883.Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number (83).
- Amemorial
- Blegibility
- Cdecadence
- Dmonumentality
Show answer
Concept: Fill the blank to complete the contrast 'absence as presence, entropy as ___'.
- The passage treats ruins as a language that can be 'read' (grammar, syntax, semiotic).
- Entropy (disorder) is turned into something readable ⇒ legibility.
- Decadence repeats decay; memorial/monumentality don't fit 'encoding'.
Trick: Each pair is an opposite: absence ↔ presence, so entropy (chaos) ↔ legibility (readable order).
Answer: (B) legibility
अवधारणा: 'absence as presence, entropy as ___' – विरोधी जोड़ी पूरी करनी है।
- अनुच्छेद खंडहरों को 'पढ़ी जा सकने वाली भाषा' मानता है (grammar, syntax)।
- Entropy (अव्यवस्था) को पढ़ने योग्य बनाना ⇒ legibility (सुपाठ्यता)।
- Decadence = क्षय ही दोहराता है; memorial/monumentality मेल नहीं खाते।
ट्रिक: हर जोड़ी विरोधी है: absence ↔ presence, इसी तरह entropy (अराजकता) ↔ legibility (पठनीयता)।
उत्तर: (B) legibility
Directions (Qs. 83-87): In the following passage some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
Urban decay is not merely a consequence of infrastructural erosion, but a semantic artifact where stone and steel function as archives of postponed modernities. Cracks, corrosion and spectral scaffolds do not erode meaning; rather, they transform it, encoding absence as presence and entropy as (83) ____ . These architectural remains resist the chronological discipline of masterplans, offering instead a fugitive temporality — unruly, layered and unresolved. The ruin, within this framework, is not evidence of failed design, but an overdetermined grammar of collapse. Its language is spoken through spalling concrete and oxidized signage, rejecting the sheen of civic optimism. To aestheticize decay without interrogation is to participate in ontological (84) ____ , where disorder is rendered ornamental and suffering elevated to spectacle. What presents itself as renewal often enacts spatial erasure, as memory is displaced by speculative capital and "heritage" becomes a sanitized curatorial gesture. To read ruins poetically is to suspend utility in favour of (85) ____ , allowing debris to articulate what infrastructure conceals. Such spaces demand not beautification, but semiotic excavation, wherein rusted railings and abandoned corridors emerge as sites of interpretive resistance. Yet decay defies even romantic appropriation. It is not allegory, but ontic excess — a surplus that escapes containment. Gentrification cannot domesticate it; nostalgia cannot preserve it. It persists, insurgent and mnemonic, as a (86) ____ syntax inscribed across civic amnesia. The ruins of the city are not remnants of the past; they are discursive ruptures — interruptions in the urban narrative that must be read not as loss, but as infrastructural (87) ____ .
Q1884.Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number (84).
- Aexcess
- Blaundering
- Cdisintegration
- Dreiteration
Show answer
Concept: The blank is explained by the clause after it: 'disorder is rendered ornamental, suffering elevated to spectacle'.
- Beautifying decay without questioning = cleaning up / disguising an ugly truth.
- 'Laundering' (figuratively) = making something bad look clean or acceptable.
- Excess, disintegration, reiteration don't convey disguising.
Trick: Look for the 'where…' clause right after a blank – it usually defines the missing word.
Answer: (B) laundering
अवधारणा: रिक्त के बाद वाला 'where…' खंड अर्थ बताता है: अव्यवस्था को सजावट और पीड़ा को तमाशा बनाना।
- बिना प्रश्न किए क्षय को सुंदर बताना = बुरी सच्चाई को 'धोकर' साफ़ दिखाना।
- 'Laundering' (लाक्षणिक) = बुरी चीज़ को स्वीकार्य बनाकर पेश करना।
- excess, disintegration, reiteration यह भाव नहीं देते।
ट्रिक: रिक्त के ठीक बाद आने वाला 'where…' खंड अक्सर लुप्त शब्द की परिभाषा होता है।
उत्तर: (B) laundering
Directions (Qs. 83-87): In the following passage some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
Urban decay is not merely a consequence of infrastructural erosion, but a semantic artifact where stone and steel function as archives of postponed modernities. Cracks, corrosion and spectral scaffolds do not erode meaning; rather, they transform it, encoding absence as presence and entropy as (83) ____ . These architectural remains resist the chronological discipline of masterplans, offering instead a fugitive temporality — unruly, layered and unresolved. The ruin, within this framework, is not evidence of failed design, but an overdetermined grammar of collapse. Its language is spoken through spalling concrete and oxidized signage, rejecting the sheen of civic optimism. To aestheticize decay without interrogation is to participate in ontological (84) ____ , where disorder is rendered ornamental and suffering elevated to spectacle. What presents itself as renewal often enacts spatial erasure, as memory is displaced by speculative capital and "heritage" becomes a sanitized curatorial gesture. To read ruins poetically is to suspend utility in favour of (85) ____ , allowing debris to articulate what infrastructure conceals. Such spaces demand not beautification, but semiotic excavation, wherein rusted railings and abandoned corridors emerge as sites of interpretive resistance. Yet decay defies even romantic appropriation. It is not allegory, but ontic excess — a surplus that escapes containment. Gentrification cannot domesticate it; nostalgia cannot preserve it. It persists, insurgent and mnemonic, as a (86) ____ syntax inscribed across civic amnesia. The ruins of the city are not remnants of the past; they are discursive ruptures — interruptions in the urban narrative that must be read not as loss, but as infrastructural (87) ____ .
Q1885.Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number (85).
- Aattestation
- Battentiveness
- Cestrangement
- Dindeterminacy
Show answer
Concept: Poetic reading sets aside usefulness for a 'making-strange' view.
- 'Suspend utility in favour of ___' needs the opposite of practical familiarity.
- Estrangement = viewing the familiar as strange, letting debris reveal hidden meaning.
- Attestation = proof; attentiveness = alertness; indeterminacy = uncertainty – weaker fits.
Yaad rakhein: In literary theory, poetry 'defamiliarises' – estrangement is that idea.
Answer: (C) estrangement
अवधारणा: काव्यात्मक दृष्टि उपयोगिता को छोड़कर चीज़ों को 'अजनबी' नज़र से देखती है।
- 'suspend utility in favour of ___' – व्यावहारिक परिचय का उलटा चाहिए।
- Estrangement = परिचित को अजनबी रूप में देखना, जिससे मलबा छिपा अर्थ कहे।
- attestation = प्रमाण, attentiveness = सजगता, indeterminacy = अनिश्चितता – कम उपयुक्त।
याद रखें: साहित्य सिद्धांत में कविता 'अपरिचितीकरण' करती है – estrangement वही विचार है।
उत्तर: (C) estrangement
Directions (Qs. 83-87): In the following passage some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
Urban decay is not merely a consequence of infrastructural erosion, but a semantic artifact where stone and steel function as archives of postponed modernities. Cracks, corrosion and spectral scaffolds do not erode meaning; rather, they transform it, encoding absence as presence and entropy as (83) ____ . These architectural remains resist the chronological discipline of masterplans, offering instead a fugitive temporality — unruly, layered and unresolved. The ruin, within this framework, is not evidence of failed design, but an overdetermined grammar of collapse. Its language is spoken through spalling concrete and oxidized signage, rejecting the sheen of civic optimism. To aestheticize decay without interrogation is to participate in ontological (84) ____ , where disorder is rendered ornamental and suffering elevated to spectacle. What presents itself as renewal often enacts spatial erasure, as memory is displaced by speculative capital and "heritage" becomes a sanitized curatorial gesture. To read ruins poetically is to suspend utility in favour of (85) ____ , allowing debris to articulate what infrastructure conceals. Such spaces demand not beautification, but semiotic excavation, wherein rusted railings and abandoned corridors emerge as sites of interpretive resistance. Yet decay defies even romantic appropriation. It is not allegory, but ontic excess — a surplus that escapes containment. Gentrification cannot domesticate it; nostalgia cannot preserve it. It persists, insurgent and mnemonic, as a (86) ____ syntax inscribed across civic amnesia. The ruins of the city are not remnants of the past; they are discursive ruptures — interruptions in the urban narrative that must be read not as loss, but as infrastructural (87) ____ .
Q1886.Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number (86).
- Asyntactic
- Binsurgent
- Cornamental
- Dequivocal
Show answer
Concept: The blank describes decay that refuses control.
- Preceding lines: gentrification cannot domesticate it, nostalgia cannot preserve it.
- So it is rebellious – 'insurgent'; the sentence itself says 'It persists, insurgent and mnemonic'.
- Syntactic + syntax is redundant; ornamental contradicts the passage; equivocal (ambiguous) misses the rebellion.
Trick: Words repeated inside the same sentence/paragraph are a strong clue in cloze tests.
Answer: (B) insurgent
अवधारणा: रिक्त शब्द उस क्षय का वर्णन करता है जो नियंत्रण नहीं मानता।
- पहले कहा गया: gentrification उसे वश में नहीं कर सकता, nostalgia उसे बचा नहीं सकता।
- अर्थात वह विद्रोही है – 'insurgent'; उसी वाक्य में 'insurgent and mnemonic' आया है।
- syntactic syntax दोहराव; ornamental विरोधी; equivocal (अस्पष्ट) विद्रोह नहीं दर्शाता।
ट्रिक: उसी वाक्य/अनुच्छेद में दोहराए शब्द क्लोज़ टेस्ट में मज़बूत संकेत होते हैं।
उत्तर: (B) insurgent
Directions (Qs. 83-87): In the following passage some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
Urban decay is not merely a consequence of infrastructural erosion, but a semantic artifact where stone and steel function as archives of postponed modernities. Cracks, corrosion and spectral scaffolds do not erode meaning; rather, they transform it, encoding absence as presence and entropy as (83) ____ . These architectural remains resist the chronological discipline of masterplans, offering instead a fugitive temporality — unruly, layered and unresolved. The ruin, within this framework, is not evidence of failed design, but an overdetermined grammar of collapse. Its language is spoken through spalling concrete and oxidized signage, rejecting the sheen of civic optimism. To aestheticize decay without interrogation is to participate in ontological (84) ____ , where disorder is rendered ornamental and suffering elevated to spectacle. What presents itself as renewal often enacts spatial erasure, as memory is displaced by speculative capital and "heritage" becomes a sanitized curatorial gesture. To read ruins poetically is to suspend utility in favour of (85) ____ , allowing debris to articulate what infrastructure conceals. Such spaces demand not beautification, but semiotic excavation, wherein rusted railings and abandoned corridors emerge as sites of interpretive resistance. Yet decay defies even romantic appropriation. It is not allegory, but ontic excess — a surplus that escapes containment. Gentrification cannot domesticate it; nostalgia cannot preserve it. It persists, insurgent and mnemonic, as a (86) ____ syntax inscribed across civic amnesia. The ruins of the city are not remnants of the past; they are discursive ruptures — interruptions in the urban narrative that must be read not as loss, but as infrastructural (87) ____ .
Q1887.Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number (87).
- Arepair
- Btestimony
- Cblueprint
- Dorigin
Show answer
Concept: Ruins must be read 'not as loss, but as ___' – something positive and evidential.
- The passage calls ruins archives, a language, sites that reveal what is concealed.
- So they bear witness ⇒ testimony (evidence).
- Repair/blueprint suggest building; origin doesn't fit 'not as loss'.
Trick: 'Not X but Y' – Y continues the passage's main idea (ruins as record/witness).
Answer: (B) testimony
अवधारणा: खंडहरों को 'नुकसान नहीं, बल्कि ___' के रूप में पढ़ना है – कुछ प्रमाण जैसा।
- अनुच्छेद खंडहरों को archive, भाषा और छिपी बात कहने वाले स्थान मानता है।
- अर्थात वे गवाही देते हैं ⇒ testimony।
- repair/blueprint निर्माण दर्शाते हैं; origin अर्थ में फिट नहीं।
ट्रिक: 'Not X but Y' संरचना में Y अनुच्छेद के मुख्य विचार (खंडहर = साक्ष्य) को आगे बढ़ाता है।
उत्तर: (B) testimony
Q1888.Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
Scarcely had the CEO signed the contract ____ the company announced the merger.
- Awhen
- Bthan
- Cbefore
- Duntil
Show answer
Concept: Fixed pairs: Scarcely/Hardly … when (before); No sooner … than.
- Sentence starts with 'Scarcely had' ⇒ partner is 'when'.
- 'Than' goes only with 'No sooner'.
Trick: Mnemonic: 'No sooner–than' both have an N-sound; 'Hardly/Scarcely–when'.
Answer: (A) when
अवधारणा: निश्चित जोड़े: Scarcely/Hardly … when; No sooner … than।
- वाक्य 'Scarcely had' से शुरू ⇒ साथ में 'when'।
- 'than' केवल 'No sooner' के साथ।
ट्रिक: याद रखें: 'No sooner–than', 'Hardly/Scarcely–when'।
उत्तर: (A) when
Q1889.Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
He was remembered not for what he said but ____ he refrained from saying.
- Awhich
- Bwhat
- Cthat
- Dfor what
Show answer
Concept: Elements joined by 'not … but' must have the same grammatical form.
- First part: 'for what he said'.
- Second part must match: 'for what he refrained from saying'.
- Corrected: '…not for what he said but for what he refrained from saying.'
Trick: Copy the structure after 'not' into the slot after 'but' – here 'for what'.
Answer: (D) for what
अवधारणा: 'not … but' से जुड़े भागों की व्याकरणिक संरचना समान होनी चाहिए।
- पहला भाग: 'for what he said'।
- दूसरा भाग भी वैसा: 'for what he refrained from saying'।
- सही वाक्य: '…not for what he said but for what he refrained from saying.'
ट्रिक: 'not' के बाद जो ढाँचा है, वही 'but' के बाद रखें – यहाँ 'for what'।
उत्तर: (D) for what
Q1890.The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options.
The company plans to hire (1)/ new group of interns (2)/ to assist with the upcoming (3)/ marketing campaign this summer. (4)
- A(1)
- B(2)
- C(3)
- D(4)
Show answer
Concept: A singular countable noun needs an article (a/an/the).
- 'group' is singular countable.
- 'hire new group of interns' ⇒ 'hire a new group of interns'.
- Error is in part (2).
Trick: Whenever a singular countable noun (with an adjective) stands alone, check for a missing 'a/the'.
Answer: (B) (2)
अवधारणा: एकवचन गणनीय संज्ञा से पहले article (a/an/the) चाहिए।
- 'group' एकवचन गणनीय है।
- 'new group of interns' ⇒ 'a new group of interns'।
- त्रुटि भाग (2) में है।
ट्रिक: विशेषण सहित अकेली एकवचन गणनीय संज्ञा दिखे, तो 'a/the' की कमी जाँचें।
उत्तर: (B) (2)
Q1891.Select the option that expresses the given sentence in the Active/Passive voice.
Academics consider this method highly effective in research.
- AThis method is considered highly effective in research by academics.
- BAcademics are considered highly effective in research by this method.
- CThis method is considers highly effective in academics by researchers.
- DAcademics consider research highly effective in this method.
Show answer
Concept: Simple present passive: is/am/are + V3; object becomes subject.
- Object 'this method' → subject.
- 'consider' → 'is considered'.
- 'This method is considered highly effective in research by academics.'
Trick: Check the subject first: passive must start with the object ('This method') – (b) and (d) are out; (c) has 'is considers' – wrong.
Answer: (A) This method is considered highly effective in research by academics.
अवधारणा: Simple present passive: is/am/are + V3; कर्म कर्ता बनता है।
- कर्म 'this method' → कर्ता।
- 'consider' → 'is considered'।
- सही: 'This method is considered highly effective in research by academics.'
ट्रिक: पहले कर्ता देखें: passive 'This method' से शुरू होगा – (b), (d) बाहर; (c) में 'is considers' गलत।
उत्तर: (A) This method is considered highly effective in research by academics.
Q1892.Select the sentence containing the homonym of the highlighted word:
The scholar noticed a faded tau drawn beside the ancient text.
- AThe Greek alphabet includes tau as its nineteenth letter.
- BThe scientist calculated the value of tau in rotational mechanics.
- CThe monk painted a tau on the monastery wall as a sacred sign.
- DThe editor circled a tau symbol in the manuscript margin.
Show answer
Concept: Homonym = same word, different meaning.
- In the given sentence, tau is a letter/symbol drawn on a text.
- (a), (c), (d) use tau as a letter or written sign – same meaning.
- (b) uses tau as a physical quantity in rotational mechanics (torque) – a different meaning.
Trick: Find the odd sense: three options are 'a mark you can draw', only one is 'a value you calculate'.
Answer: (B) The scientist calculated the value of tau in rotational mechanics.
अवधारणा: Homonym = एक ही शब्द, अलग अर्थ।
- दिए वाक्य में tau एक अक्षर/चिह्न है।
- (a), (c), (d) में भी tau अक्षर या चिह्न है – वही अर्थ।
- (b) में tau घूर्णन यांत्रिकी की भौतिक राशि (torque) है – अलग अर्थ।
ट्रिक: तीन विकल्प 'बनाया जाने वाला चिह्न' हैं, केवल एक 'गणना की जाने वाली राशि'।
उत्तर: (B) The scientist calculated the value of tau in rotational mechanics.
Q1893.Select the option that expresses the given sentence in the Active/Passive voice.
The stolen artwork might have been smuggled out of the country.
- AThey might smuggle the stolen artwork out of the country.
- BSomeone might has smuggled the stolen artwork out of the country.
- CThe stolen artwork of the country might be smuggled by someone.
- DSomeone might have smuggled the stolen artwork out of the country.
Show answer
Concept: Passive 'might have been + V3' ⇒ active 'might have + V3'.
- No doer given ⇒ use 'someone'.
- 'might have been smuggled' → 'might have smuggled'.
- 'Someone might have smuggled the stolen artwork out of the country.'
Trick: Modal is always followed by the base form – 'might has' (b) is wrong at sight.
Answer: (D) Someone might have smuggled the stolen artwork out of the country.
अवधारणा: Passive 'might have been + V3' ⇒ active 'might have + V3'।
- कर्ता नहीं दिया ⇒ 'someone' लें।
- 'might have been smuggled' → 'might have smuggled'।
- सही: 'Someone might have smuggled the stolen artwork out of the country.'
ट्रिक: Modal के बाद हमेशा मूल रूप आता है – 'might has' (b) तुरंत गलत।
उत्तर: (D) Someone might have smuggled the stolen artwork out of the country.
Q1894.Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word.
CLEAR
- AConfused
- BPerspicuous
- CPrecarious
- DMuddled
Show answer
Concept: Clear = easy to understand, lucid.
- Perspicuous = clearly expressed, easily understood – synonym.
- Confused, muddled = opposite; precarious = risky/unstable.
Trick: Two options (confused, muddled) are antonyms – eliminate them first.
Answer: (B) Perspicuous
अवधारणा: Clear = स्पष्ट, आसानी से समझ में आने वाला।
- Perspicuous = स्पष्ट रूप से व्यक्त – पर्याय।
- Confused, muddled = उलटा अर्थ; precarious = जोखिम भरा।
ट्रिक: दो विकल्प (confused, muddled) विलोम हैं – पहले उन्हें हटाएँ।
उत्तर: (B) Perspicuous
Q1895.Select the most appropriate antonym of the given word.
Plentiful
- AAbundant
- BExiguous
- CAmple
- DBountiful
Show answer
Concept: Plentiful = present in large amounts.
- Exiguous = very small in amount, scanty – opposite.
- Abundant, ample, bountiful all mean plentiful (synonyms).
Trick: When three options mean the same thing, the remaining odd word is the antonym.
Answer: (B) Exiguous
अवधारणा: Plentiful = प्रचुर, भरपूर।
- Exiguous = बहुत कम, अल्प – विलोम।
- Abundant, ample, bountiful – सब पर्यायवाची।
ट्रिक: जब तीन विकल्प एक ही अर्थ के हों, बचा हुआ अलग शब्द विलोम होता है।
उत्तर: (B) Exiguous
Q1896.Choose the correct meaning of the idiom:
He rendered yeoman service to the team.
- AA trivial task done quickly
- BA dishonest act in uniform
- CA brave but foolish deed
- DAn exceptionally loyal and useful service
Show answer
Concept: Yeoman service = excellent, loyal and very useful work.
- He gave the team valuable, dependable help.
- Not trivial, dishonest or foolish – all other options are negative.
Yaad rakhein: Yeomen were English small landholders famed as loyal foot soldiers – hence 'faithful service'.
Answer: (D) An exceptionally loyal and useful service
अवधारणा: Yeoman service = उत्कृष्ट, निष्ठावान और बहुत उपयोगी सेवा।
- उसने टीम को मूल्यवान, भरोसेमंद सहायता दी।
- बाकी विकल्प (मामूली, बेईमान, मूर्खतापूर्ण) नकारात्मक हैं।
याद रखें: Yeomen इंग्लैंड के छोटे किसान थे जो निष्ठावान सैनिकों के रूप में प्रसिद्ध थे।
उत्तर: (D) An exceptionally loyal and useful service
Q1897.Select the most appropriate option to substitute the underline/Bold segment in the given sentence.
The old man walked bare head in the sun.
- Abearshead
- Bbare headed
- Cbareheadly
- Dwith naked head
Show answer
Concept: Use the proper compound adjective/adverbial form.
- 'bare head' is a noun phrase; we need a descriptor of the man.
- 'bare headed' (bareheaded) = without a hat or covering.
- 'bearshead', 'bareheadly' are not words; 'with naked head' is unidiomatic.
Yaad rakhein: Similar forms: barefoot, bare-handed, bareheaded – no '-ly' added.
Answer: (B) bare headed
अवधारणा: सही संयुक्त विशेषण रूप प्रयोग करें।
- 'bare head' संज्ञा वाक्यांश है; व्यक्ति का वर्णन चाहिए।
- 'bare headed' = बिना टोपी/सिर ढके।
- 'bearshead', 'bareheadly' शब्द ही नहीं; 'with naked head' अस्वाभाविक।
याद रखें: ऐसे ही: barefoot, bare-handed, bareheaded – '-ly' नहीं लगता।
उत्तर: (B) bare headed
Q1898.Select the most appropriate option to substitute the underline/Bold segment in the given sentence.
The politician was criticised on making false promises during the campaign.
- Aon making false promises
- Bfor making false promises
- Cof making false promises
- Dwith making false promises
Show answer
Concept: The reason after 'criticise/blame/praise' takes 'for'.
- Correct: 'criticised for making false promises'.
- 'on', 'of', 'with' don't collocate with criticise.
Yaad rakhein: Accused of, charged with, but criticised/blamed/praised for.
Answer: (B) for making false promises
अवधारणा: 'criticise/blame/praise' के बाद कारण के लिए 'for' आता है।
- सही: 'criticised for making false promises'।
- 'on', 'of', 'with' criticise के साथ नहीं आते।
याद रखें: accused of, charged with, पर criticised/blamed/praised for।
उत्तर: (B) for making false promises
Q1899.Select the correct indirect/direct form of the given sentence.
The manager advised the team to work on the project carefully.
- A'Work carefully on the project,' the manager advised.
- B"You should work carefully on the project," said the manager.
- CThe manager said, "They must work on the project carefully."
- D"Work on the project carefully," the manager said to the team.
Show answer
Concept: 'advised … to + verb' in indirect speech becomes an imperative in direct speech.
- 'to work on the project carefully' → imperative 'Work carefully on the project'.
- Keep the reporting verb 'advised' to retain the sense of advice.
- (b) adds 'should', (c) uses 'They must' (wrong pronoun/mood), (d) turns advice into a plain statement with 'said'.
Trick: Indirect 'advised/ordered/requested … to' ⇒ direct speech starts with the bare verb (Work, Go, Please…).
Answer: (A) 'Work carefully on the project,' the manager advised.
अवधारणा: परोक्ष 'advised … to + verb' प्रत्यक्ष कथन में आज्ञार्थक (imperative) बनता है।
- 'to work on the project carefully' → 'Work carefully on the project'।
- सलाह का भाव रखने के लिए 'advised' क्रिया रखें।
- (b) में 'should', (c) में 'They must' (गलत सर्वनाम), (d) में सलाह 'said' से साधारण कथन बन गई।
ट्रिक: परोक्ष 'advised/ordered … to' ⇒ प्रत्यक्ष कथन मूल क्रिया (Work, Go) से शुरू।
उत्तर: (A) 'Work carefully on the project,' the manager advised.
Q1900.Select the correct indirect/direct form of the given sentence.
He said, "I had never seen such a beautiful painting before."
- AHe said he had never seen such a beautiful painting before.
- BHe said he never saw such a beautiful painting before.
- CHe said he has never seen such a beautiful painting before.
- DHe said he will never see such a beautiful painting before.
Show answer
Concept: In indirect speech, past perfect remains past perfect.
- Reporting verb 'said' is past ⇒ backshift, but past perfect cannot shift further.
- 'I' → 'he'.
- 'He said he had never seen such a beautiful painting before.'
Trick: Backshift ladder: present → past → past perfect → (stops). Already at the bottom, so no change.
Answer: (A) He said he had never seen such a beautiful painting before.
अवधारणा: परोक्ष कथन में past perfect वैसा ही रहता है।
- 'said' भूतकाल में ⇒ काल बदलता है, पर past perfect आगे नहीं बदलता।
- 'I' → 'he'।
- सही: 'He said he had never seen such a beautiful painting before.'
ट्रिक: काल-सीढ़ी: present → past → past perfect → (रुकती है)। पहले से अंतिम सीढ़ी पर है, इसलिए बदलाव नहीं।
उत्तर: (A) He said he had never seen such a beautiful painting before.
