Q3801.Identify the part of the sentence that contains a grammatical error.
A. The ancient manuscript's fragile pages
B. were carefully handled, but it's binding
C. had deteriorated significantly
D. over the centuries.
- AThe ancient manuscript's fragile pages
- Bwere carefully handled, but it's binding
- Chad deteriorated significantly
- Dover the centuries.
Show answer
Concept: 'It's' = it is / it has; ownership is shown by 'its' (no apostrophe).
- Part B: 'but it's binding' would mean 'but it is binding' – meaningless here.
- The binding belongs to the manuscript, so a possessive is needed: 'but its binding had deteriorated'.
- A, C and D are grammatically fine.
Trick: Expand the apostrophe word: if 'it is' does not fit, write 'its'.
Answer: (B) were carefully handled, but it's binding
अवधारणा: 'It's' का अर्थ है it is / it has; स्वामित्व (possession) दिखाने के लिए 'its' लिखते हैं, apostrophe के बिना।
- भाग B में 'it's binding' = 'it is binding' – वाक्य में अर्थ नहीं बनता।
- Binding manuscript की है, इसलिए possessive चाहिए: 'but its binding'।
- बाकी भाग सही हैं।
ट्रिक: Apostrophe वाले शब्द को खोलकर पढ़ें – 'it is' न बैठे तो 'its' सही है।
उत्तर: (B) were carefully handled, but it's binding
Q3802.Identify the part of the sentence that contains a grammatical error.
A. Yesterday, I B. seen a fantastic film
C. at the new cinema D. down the street.
- AYesterday, I
- Bseen a fantastic film
- Cat the new cinema
- Ddown the street.
Show answer
Concept: A past participle (V3) cannot be the main verb without has/have/had.
- 'Yesterday' shows a finished past time → simple past (V2) is needed.
- 'see – saw – seen': 'seen' is V3 and has no helping verb here.
- Correct: 'Yesterday, I saw a fantastic film…'
Trick: Time words like yesterday / last week / ago → always V2, never 'have + V3' or bare V3.
Answer: (B) seen a fantastic film
अवधारणा: V3 (past participle) बिना has/have/had के मुख्य क्रिया नहीं बन सकता।
- 'Yesterday' बीता हुआ समय बताता है → simple past (V2) चाहिए।
- see – saw – seen; 'seen' V3 है और उसके साथ helping verb नहीं है।
- सही वाक्य: 'Yesterday, I saw a fantastic film'।
ट्रिक: yesterday, last year, ago जैसे शब्द दिखें तो V2 लगाएँ।
उत्तर: (B) seen a fantastic film
Q3803.Fill in the blank with the most appropriate preposition:
The children went out to play finishing all their homework.
- Aduring
- Bfor
- Cafter
- Duntil
Show answer
Concept: 'After' shows that one action follows another.
- Order of events: homework finished first → then play.
- So the children played after finishing the homework.
- 'During' = at the same time; 'until' = up to that point; 'for' shows purpose/duration – all break the logic.
Trick: Ask 'which happened first?' – if the -ing action came first, use 'after'.
Answer: (C) after
अवधारणा: 'After' बताता है कि एक काम दूसरे के बाद हुआ।
- पहले homework पूरा हुआ, फिर खेलने गए।
- इसलिए 'after finishing all their homework' सही है।
- 'during' = उसी समय, 'until' = तब तक, 'for' = उद्देश्य/अवधि – अर्थ गलत हो जाता है।
ट्रिक: पूछें – कौन-सा काम पहले हुआ? -ing वाला पहले हुआ तो 'after'।
उत्तर: (C) after
Q3804.Fill in the blank with the most appropriate conjunction:
She wanted to attend the concert; . she had to work late and missed it.
- Amoreover
- Bhowever
- Ctherefore
- Dsimilarly
Show answer
Concept: Two opposite ideas joined after a semicolon need a contrast connector like 'however'.
- Idea 1: she wanted to attend. Idea 2: she missed it.
- Wish vs. reality = contrast → however.
- moreover = addition, therefore = result, similarly = comparison.
Trick: Opposite ideas → however / nevertheless; extra idea → moreover; result → therefore.
Answer: (B) however
अवधारणा: Semicolon के बाद दो विपरीत बातें जोड़ने के लिए 'however' जैसा contrast शब्द लगता है।
- पहली बात: वह concert जाना चाहती थी; दूसरी: वह नहीं जा सकी।
- इच्छा और परिणाम में विरोध है → however।
- moreover = जोड़ना, therefore = परिणाम, similarly = समानता।
ट्रिक: विरोध → however; जोड़ → moreover; परिणाम → therefore।
उत्तर: (B) however
Q3805.Choose the correctly spelt word:
- ACampain
- BCampagin
- CCampaign
- DCampign
Show answer
Concept: 'Campaign' (a planned series of actions) ends in -aign with a silent g.
- Correct pattern: c-a-m-p-a-i-g-n.
- Campain (no g), Campagin (g before i), Campign (no a) are all wrong.
Yaad rakhein: Same silent-g ending: reign, foreign, sovereign, champagne-like 'campaign'.
Answer: (C) Campaign
अवधारणा: 'Campaign' (अभियान) के अंत में -aign आता है, जिसमें g नहीं बोला जाता।
- सही क्रम: c-a-m-p-a-i-g-n।
- Campain में g नहीं, Campagin में g गलत जगह, Campign में a नहीं।
याद रखें: इसी तरह मौन g: reign, foreign, sovereign।
उत्तर: (C) Campaign
Q3806.Which of the following sentences uses the word "wind" with the same meaning as in the following sentence?
"The cold wind howled through the barren trees.'
- AYou need to wind the clock every day to keep it accurate.
- BHe watched the kite gracefully wind its way up into the sky.
- CThe path began to wind through the dense forest.
- DA strong gust of wind nearly blew off his hat.
Show answer
Concept: 'Wind' as a noun = moving air; as a verb (/waɪnd/) = to turn or twist.
- In 'The cold wind howled…', wind is air in motion (noun).
- A: wind the clock = turn the key (verb). B and C: wind its way = move in curves (verb).
- D: here the gust is simply air in motion → same sense.
Trick: Put 'air' in place of wind – only option D still makes sense.
Answer: (D) A strong gust of wind nearly blew off his hat.
अवधारणा: संज्ञा 'wind' = हवा; क्रिया 'wind' = घुमाना / मोड़दार रास्ते से जाना।
- दिए वाक्य में wind = बहती हवा (noun)।
- A में घड़ी में चाबी भरना; B और C में घुमावदार रास्ता बनाना – ये क्रियाएँ हैं।
- D में हवा का झोंका – वही अर्थ।
ट्रिक: Wind की जगह 'air' रखकर देखें – केवल D में अर्थ बचता है।
उत्तर: (D) A strong gust of wind nearly blew off his hat.
Q3807.Choose the correctly spelt word:
- ADurable
- BDurible
- CDewrable
- DDureable
Show answer
Concept: 'Durable' = long-lasting; root 'dur' + suffix '-able'.
- dur + able = Durable (the 'e' is not kept).
- Durible (-ible), Dewrable (wrong root), Dureable (extra e) are incorrect.
Yaad rakhein: Root 'dur' = to last: duration, endure, durable.
Answer: (A) Durable
अवधारणा: 'Durable' = टिकाऊ; मूल 'dur' + प्रत्यय '-able'।
- dur + able = Durable।
- Durible, Dewrable, Dureable – सभी में अक्षर गलत हैं।
याद रखें: 'dur' = टिकना: duration, endure, durable।
उत्तर: (A) Durable
Directions (Qs. 8-12): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
As democratic processes increasingly rely on digital infrastructure, elections have become more efficient but also
more vulnerable to cybersecurity threats. Voter registration systems, electronic voting technologies, and online result transmission platforms now form critical components of electoral administration. Any disruption to these systems, whether through hacking, data manipulation, or coordinated cyber intrusions, can interfere with the smooth conduct of elections and weaken public trust in democratic institutions. The mere perception that electoral systems are insecure can be as damaging as actual interference.
A growing concern is the involvement of foreign actors seeking to influence electoral outcomes indirectly. Rather than altering vote counts, such interference often aims to spread confusion, amplify political divisions, or cast doubt on the legitimacy of the electoral process. Cyberattacks may be combined with strategic information campaigns to exploit existing social tensions and undermine confidence in democratic outcomes. Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive approach that goes beyond technical defences. Governments must strengthen cybersecurity protocols, ensure transparent verification of results, and promote digital literacy among voters so that misinformation and manipulation can be identified and resisted. The long-term stability of democratic systems depends on elections that are not only free and fair in principle but also secure and credible in practice.
Q3808.What is the main drawback of increased reliance on digital systems in elections?
- AHigher operational costs
- BReduced efficiency in vote counting
- CGreater exposure to cyber threats
- DLimited voter participation
Show answer
Concept: Look for the contrast word in the opening line: 'more efficient but also …'.
- Line 1: digital elections are efficient but 'more vulnerable to cybersecurity threats'.
- It then lists hacking, data manipulation and intrusions as the risks.
- Cost, slower counting or low turnout are never mentioned.
Trick: The point after 'but' is usually the drawback the question wants.
Answer: (C) Greater exposure to cyber threats
अवधारणा: पहली पंक्ति में 'but also' के बाद बताई गई बात ही कमी है।
- गद्यांश: डिजिटल चुनाव efficient हैं पर साइबर खतरों के प्रति अधिक vulnerable हैं।
- आगे hacking, data manipulation जैसे खतरे गिनाए गए हैं।
- खर्च, धीमी गिनती, कम मतदान का कोई ज़िक्र नहीं।
ट्रिक: 'but' के बाद वाली बात अक्सर drawback होती है।
उत्तर: (C) Greater exposure to cyber threats
Directions (Qs. 8-12): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
As democratic processes increasingly rely on digital infrastructure, elections have become more efficient but also
more vulnerable to cybersecurity threats. Voter registration systems, electronic voting technologies, and online result transmission platforms now form critical components of electoral administration. Any disruption to these systems, whether through hacking, data manipulation, or coordinated cyber intrusions, can interfere with the smooth conduct of elections and weaken public trust in democratic institutions. The mere perception that electoral systems are insecure can be as damaging as actual interference.
A growing concern is the involvement of foreign actors seeking to influence electoral outcomes indirectly. Rather than altering vote counts, such interference often aims to spread confusion, amplify political divisions, or cast doubt on the legitimacy of the electoral process. Cyberattacks may be combined with strategic information campaigns to exploit existing social tensions and undermine confidence in democratic outcomes. Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive approach that goes beyond technical defences. Governments must strengthen cybersecurity protocols, ensure transparent verification of results, and promote digital literacy among voters so that misinformation and manipulation can be identified and resisted. The long-term stability of democratic systems depends on elections that are not only free and fair in principle but also secure and credible in practice.
Q3809.Why does the passage state that the perception of insecurity is harmful?
- AIt increases the likelihood of legal disputes
- BIt discourages political campaigning
- CIt undermines public trust in elections
- DIt delays the declaration of results
Show answer
Concept: The harm of 'perceived' insecurity is to people's belief, not to the machines.
- Paragraph 1 says disruption can 'weaken public trust in democratic institutions'.
- Then: mere perception of insecurity is as damaging as real interference – i.e. it erodes trust.
- Legal disputes, campaigning, delayed results are not discussed.
Trick: 'Perception' questions → answer is about trust/confidence, not about physical effects.
Answer: (C) It undermines public trust in elections
अवधारणा: असुरक्षा की 'धारणा' से लोगों का भरोसा टूटता है – यही नुकसान है।
- गद्यांश कहता है कि गड़बड़ी से जनता का लोकतांत्रिक संस्थाओं पर विश्वास कमजोर होता है।
- केवल असुरक्षा का एहसास भी उतना ही नुकसानदायक है – यानी भरोसा घटता है।
- कानूनी विवाद या परिणाम में देरी का ज़िक्र नहीं है।
ट्रिक: Perception वाले प्रश्न में उत्तर प्रायः 'trust' से जुड़ा होता है।
उत्तर: (C) It undermines public trust in elections
Directions (Qs. 8-12): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
As democratic processes increasingly rely on digital infrastructure, elections have become more efficient but also
more vulnerable to cybersecurity threats. Voter registration systems, electronic voting technologies, and online result transmission platforms now form critical components of electoral administration. Any disruption to these systems, whether through hacking, data manipulation, or coordinated cyber intrusions, can interfere with the smooth conduct of elections and weaken public trust in democratic institutions. The mere perception that electoral systems are insecure can be as damaging as actual interference.
A growing concern is the involvement of foreign actors seeking to influence electoral outcomes indirectly. Rather than altering vote counts, such interference often aims to spread confusion, amplify political divisions, or cast doubt on the legitimacy of the electoral process. Cyberattacks may be combined with strategic information campaigns to exploit existing social tensions and undermine confidence in democratic outcomes. Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive approach that goes beyond technical defences. Governments must strengthen cybersecurity protocols, ensure transparent verification of results, and promote digital literacy among voters so that misinformation and manipulation can be identified and resisted. The long-term stability of democratic systems depends on elections that are not only free and fair in principle but also secure and credible in practice.
Q3810.What strategy is commonly used by foreign actors to influence elections, according to the passage ?
- ADirectly changing vote totals
- BSpreading confusion and doubt
- CReforming electoral laws
- DFunding political parties
Show answer
Concept: Foreign actors work indirectly – they sow confusion instead of changing votes.
- Paragraph 2: 'Rather than altering vote counts' – so option A is ruled out directly.
- Their aim: spread confusion, deepen divisions, cast doubt on legitimacy.
- Law reform and party funding are not mentioned.
Trick: 'Rather than X' in a passage = X is the trap option.
Answer: (B) Spreading confusion and doubt
अवधारणा: विदेशी तत्व वोट नहीं बदलते, बल्कि भ्रम और संदेह फैलाते हैं।
- गद्यांश: 'Rather than altering vote counts' – इसलिए A गलत।
- उनका उद्देश्य: भ्रम फैलाना, विभाजन बढ़ाना, चुनाव की वैधता पर शक पैदा करना।
- कानून सुधार या फंडिंग का ज़िक्र नहीं।
ट्रिक: गद्यांश में 'rather than X' हो तो X वाला विकल्प जाल है।
उत्तर: (B) Spreading confusion and doubt
Directions (Qs. 8-12): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
As democratic processes increasingly rely on digital infrastructure, elections have become more efficient but also
more vulnerable to cybersecurity threats. Voter registration systems, electronic voting technologies, and online result transmission platforms now form critical components of electoral administration. Any disruption to these systems, whether through hacking, data manipulation, or coordinated cyber intrusions, can interfere with the smooth conduct of elections and weaken public trust in democratic institutions. The mere perception that electoral systems are insecure can be as damaging as actual interference.
A growing concern is the involvement of foreign actors seeking to influence electoral outcomes indirectly. Rather than altering vote counts, such interference often aims to spread confusion, amplify political divisions, or cast doubt on the legitimacy of the electoral process. Cyberattacks may be combined with strategic information campaigns to exploit existing social tensions and undermine confidence in democratic outcomes. Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive approach that goes beyond technical defences. Governments must strengthen cybersecurity protocols, ensure transparent verification of results, and promote digital literacy among voters so that misinformation and manipulation can be identified and resisted. The long-term stability of democratic systems depends on elections that are not only free and fair in principle but also secure and credible in practice.
Q3811.Which measure is suggested to counter cybersecurity threats to elections?
- AEliminating online communication during elections
- BStrengthening security and promoting digital awareness
- CReducing media access to election data
- DLimiting voter access to technology
Show answer
Concept: The passage asks for a two-sided remedy: technical security + voter awareness.
- Suggested steps: stronger cybersecurity protocols, transparent verification, digital literacy among voters.
- Option B combines 'strengthening security' and 'digital awareness'.
- Banning online communication or limiting access is never proposed.
Trick: Reject extreme options (eliminate, limit, reduce) – passages rarely suggest bans.
Answer: (B) Strengthening security and promoting digital awareness
अवधारणा: गद्यांश दोहरा उपाय बताता है – तकनीकी सुरक्षा और मतदाताओं में डिजिटल जागरूकता।
- सुझाव: cybersecurity मज़बूत करना, परिणामों का पारदर्शी सत्यापन, डिजिटल साक्षरता।
- विकल्प B में ये दोनों बातें हैं।
- ऑनलाइन संचार बंद करना या पहुँच सीमित करना नहीं कहा गया।
ट्रिक: 'eliminate', 'limit' जैसे चरम विकल्प प्रायः गलत होते हैं।
उत्तर: (B) Strengthening security and promoting digital awareness
Directions (Qs. 8-12): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
As democratic processes increasingly rely on digital infrastructure, elections have become more efficient but also
more vulnerable to cybersecurity threats. Voter registration systems, electronic voting technologies, and online result transmission platforms now form critical components of electoral administration. Any disruption to these systems, whether through hacking, data manipulation, or coordinated cyber intrusions, can interfere with the smooth conduct of elections and weaken public trust in democratic institutions. The mere perception that electoral systems are insecure can be as damaging as actual interference.
A growing concern is the involvement of foreign actors seeking to influence electoral outcomes indirectly. Rather than altering vote counts, such interference often aims to spread confusion, amplify political divisions, or cast doubt on the legitimacy of the electoral process. Cyberattacks may be combined with strategic information campaigns to exploit existing social tensions and undermine confidence in democratic outcomes. Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive approach that goes beyond technical defences. Governments must strengthen cybersecurity protocols, ensure transparent verification of results, and promote digital literacy among voters so that misinformation and manipulation can be identified and resisted. The long-term stability of democratic systems depends on elections that are not only free and fair in principle but also secure and credible in practice.
Q3812.In the passage, the word "credible" most nearly means:
- AQuestionable
- BBelievable
- CTemporary
- DComplicated
Show answer
Concept: 'Credible' = able to be believed / trustworthy.
- The passage wants elections that are 'secure and credible in practice' – i.e. trusted by the public.
- Believable fits exactly.
- 'Questionable' is the opposite; 'temporary' and 'complicated' are unrelated.
Trick: Latin 'credere' = to believe → credit, credential, credible.
Answer: (B) Believable
अवधारणा: 'Credible' का अर्थ है विश्वसनीय / जिस पर भरोसा किया जा सके।
- गद्यांश ऐसे चुनाव चाहता है जो सुरक्षित और विश्वसनीय हों।
- इसलिए 'Believable' सही है।
- 'Questionable' उल्टा अर्थ है; बाकी असंबंधित हैं।
ट्रिक: Latin 'credere' = विश्वास करना → credit, credential, credible।
उत्तर: (B) Believable
Q3813.Choose the correct meaning of the idiom: Sweetener
- AA type of candy
- BAn incentive or additional benefit offered to make a deal more attractive
- CA compliment given to flatter someone
- DA sugary drink
Show answer
Concept: A 'sweetener' is an extra benefit added to make an offer more tempting.
- Just as sugar makes food tastier, a sweetener makes a deal more attractive.
- Example: a free year of service was added as a sweetener to the contract.
- Candy, drink and flattery are literal or off-track meanings.
Trick: 'Sweeten the deal' = add a bonus – remember the idiom through this phrase.
Answer: (B) An incentive or additional benefit offered to make a deal more attractive
अवधारणा: 'Sweetener' = सौदे को आकर्षक बनाने के लिए दिया गया अतिरिक्त लाभ / प्रलोभन।
- जैसे चीनी स्वाद बढ़ाती है, वैसे ही sweetener सौदे को लुभावना बनाता है।
- उदाहरण: अनुबंध में एक साल की मुफ्त सेवा sweetener के रूप में जोड़ी गई।
- कैंडी, पेय, चापलूसी – शाब्दिक या गलत अर्थ हैं।
ट्रिक: 'Sweeten the deal' = कोई अतिरिक्त फ़ायदा जोड़ना।
उत्तर: (B) An incentive or additional benefit offered to make a deal more attractive
Q3814.Choose the correct meaning of the idiom: Flogging a dead horse
- ATo revive a lost cause
- BTo waste effort on something where there is no chance of succeeding.
- CTo exhaust oneself unnecessarily
- DTo beat an animal mercilessly
Show answer
Concept: Flogging a dead horse = putting effort into something that is already hopeless.
- Beating a dead horse can never make it run – the effort is useless.
- So the idiom means wasting energy on a matter with no chance of success.
- Option A (revive) is the opposite; D is the literal meaning – a trap.
Trick: In idiom questions, the literal meaning (like option D) is almost always wrong.
Answer: (B) To waste effort on something where there is no chance of succeeding.
अवधारणा: Flogging a dead horse = ऐसे काम में मेहनत करना जिसका कोई नतीजा नहीं निकल सकता।
- मरे घोड़े को पीटने से वह नहीं दौड़ेगा – प्रयास व्यर्थ है।
- अर्थ: निरर्थक कोशिश करना।
- D शाब्दिक अर्थ है – यह जाल है।
ट्रिक: मुहावरों में शाब्दिक अर्थ वाला विकल्प लगभग हमेशा गलत होता है।
उत्तर: (B) To waste effort on something where there is no chance of succeeding.
Q3815.Select the most appropriate antonym of the word: EXPLICIT
- AClear
- BPrecise
- CVague
- DObvious
Show answer
Concept: Explicit = clearly and directly stated; opposite = vague (not clear).
- Clear, precise and obvious all mean nearly the same as explicit – synonyms.
- Vague = unclear, not definite → opposite.
Trick: Explicit ↔ implicit / vague; precise ↔ vague – both pairs point to 'vague'.
Answer: (C) Vague
अवधारणा: Explicit = स्पष्ट रूप से कहा गया; विलोम = vague (अस्पष्ट)।
- Clear, Precise, Obvious – तीनों explicit के समानार्थी हैं।
- Vague = धुंधला, अस्पष्ट → विलोम।
ट्रिक: Explicit ↔ Implicit/Vague याद रखें।
उत्तर: (C) Vague
Q3816.Choose the correct one-word substitute for:
A substance that induces insensitivity to pain.
- AAnaesthetic
- BStimulant
- CPyretic
- DAntacid
Show answer
Concept: A substance that removes the feeling of pain = anaesthetic.
- an- (without) + aesthesia (feeling) → 'without sensation'.
- Stimulant = increases activity; pyretic = causing fever; antacid = neutralises stomach acid.
Trick: Prefix 'an-/a-' = without: anaemia, anarchy, anaesthetic.
Answer: (A) Anaesthetic
अवधारणा: दर्द का एहसास खत्म करने वाला पदार्थ = Anaesthetic (निश्चेतक)।
- an- (बिना) + aesthesia (संवेदना) = संवेदना रहित।
- Stimulant = उत्तेजक, Pyretic = बुखार लाने वाला, Antacid = अम्लता घटाने वाला।
ट्रिक: 'an-/a-' = बिना: anarchy, anaemia, anaesthetic।
उत्तर: (A) Anaesthetic
Q3817.Select the most appropriate antonym of the word:
INAUSPICIOUS
- AUnpromising
- BOminous
- CPropitious
- DThreatening
Show answer
Concept: Inauspicious = unlucky, signalling failure; antonym = propitious (favourable).
- Unpromising, ominous, threatening – all carry the same bad-sign meaning.
- Propitious = favourable, indicating success → opposite.
Trick: Inauspicious = in + auspicious; drop the negative idea → auspicious ≈ propitious.
Answer: (C) Propitious
अवधारणा: Inauspicious = अशुभ; विलोम = Propitious (शुभ, अनुकूल)।
- Unpromising, Ominous, Threatening – सब अशुभ संकेत वाले, यानी समानार्थी।
- Propitious = अनुकूल, शुभ → विलोम।
ट्रिक: Inauspicious का उल्टा auspicious; उसका पर्याय propitious।
उत्तर: (C) Propitious
Q3818.Choose the correct one-word substitute for:
A person who looks at the stars.
- AProphet
- BStargazer
- CSoothsayer
- DOracle
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Concept: One who gazes (looks) at the stars = stargazer.
- star + gazer (one who looks steadily) = Stargazer.
- Prophet, soothsayer and oracle all predict the future – not about watching stars.
Trick: Split compound options – 'star + gaze' literally answers the definition.
Answer: (B) Stargazer
अवधारणा: तारों को देखने वाला व्यक्ति = Stargazer।
- star + gazer (टकटकी लगाकर देखने वाला) = Stargazer।
- Prophet, Soothsayer, Oracle – भविष्य बताने वाले हैं, तारे देखने वाले नहीं।
ट्रिक: Compound शब्द को तोड़ें: star + gaze = तारे देखना।
उत्तर: (B) Stargazer
Q3819.Change the following sentence into the Active form.
The mysterious treasure chest was thought to have been hidden by ancient pirates.
- AAncient pirates hid the mysterious treasure chest, it was thought.
- BPeople thought that ancient pirates had hidden the mysterious treasure chest.
- CThe mysterious treasure chest had been hidden by ancient pirates, it was thought.
- DAncient pirates were thought to have hidden the mysterious treasure chest.
Show answer
Concept: 'X was thought to have been done by Y' → 'People thought that Y had done X'.
- 'was thought' (no doer) → active with general subject: People thought.
- 'to have been hidden by ancient pirates' → 'that ancient pirates had hidden' (earlier past = past perfect).
- Result: People thought that ancient pirates had hidden the mysterious treasure chest.
Trick: Options C and D still contain a passive ('had been hidden', 'were thought') – reject at once.
Answer: (B) People thought that ancient pirates had hidden the mysterious treasure chest.
अवधारणा: 'X was thought to have been done by Y' → 'People thought that Y had done X'।
- 'was thought' में कर्ता नहीं है → सामान्य कर्ता 'People thought'।
- 'to have been hidden' पहले की घटना है → 'had hidden' (past perfect)।
- वाक्य: People thought that ancient pirates had hidden the mysterious treasure chest.
ट्रिक: C और D में अभी भी passive है – तुरंत हटाएँ।
उत्तर: (B) People thought that ancient pirates had hidden the mysterious treasure chest.
Q3820.Select the option that expresses the given sentence in indirect voice. "Where did you leave your keys?" he inquired.
- AHe inquired where you left your keys.
- BHe inquired where I had left my keys.
- CHe inquired where did I leave my keys.
- DHe inquired where I left my keys.
Show answer
Concept: Wh-question in indirect speech: keep the wh-word, use statement order, backshift the tense.
- 'you' (listener) → 'I' when reported from the narrator's side; 'your' → 'my'.
- Past simple 'did … leave' → past perfect 'had left'.
- No 'did', no question mark: He inquired where I had left my keys.
Trick: Option with 'did' in reported speech (C) is wrong; with no tense change (D) is wrong.
Answer: (B) He inquired where I had left my keys.
अवधारणा: Wh-प्रश्न को indirect में बदलते समय wh-शब्द रहता है, वाक्य सामान्य क्रम में आता है और tense एक कदम पीछे जाता है।
- you → I, your → my।
- 'did … leave' (past simple) → 'had left' (past perfect)।
- 'did' और प्रश्नचिह्न हटते हैं: He inquired where I had left my keys.
ट्रिक: Indirect वाक्य में 'did' दिखे (C) तो गलत; tense न बदले (D) तो भी गलत।
उत्तर: (B) He inquired where I had left my keys.
