Q4101.Identify the part of the sentence that contains a grammatical error.
A. The lecture, B. which our teacher delivered, C. was not only engaging D. but also inspire.
- AThe lecture
- Bwhich our teacher delivered
- Cwas not only engaging
- Dbut also inspire
Show answer
Concept: Whatever word-type follows 'not only' must also follow 'but also'.
- After 'not only' we have engaging (an -ing adjective).
- After 'but also' we find the base verb inspire – the two halves do not match.
- Correct: '…was not only engaging but also inspiring.'
Trick: Cover the connectors and read the two words side by side: engaging / inspire – the odd form is the error.
Answer: (D) but also inspire
अवधारणा: 'not only' के बाद जो शब्द-रूप आए, वही रूप 'but also' के बाद भी आना चाहिए।
हल:
- 'not only' के बाद engaging (-ing रूप) है।
- 'but also' के बाद inspire (base verb) है – दोनों रूप मेल नहीं खाते।
- सही वाक्य: '…not only engaging but also inspiring.'
ट्रिक: दोनों connectors के बाद वाले शब्द साथ रखकर देखें – engaging / inspire; जो रूप अलग है, गलती वहीं है।
उत्तर: (D) but also inspire
Q4102.Select the most appropriate synonym of the word: INSTITUTE
- AAbolish
- BCommence
- CTerminate
- DDissolve
Show answer
Concept: As a verb, 'institute' means to start or set up something (a rule, an enquiry, a scheme).
- INSTITUTE = establish / begin.
- Commence = begin → same sense.
- Abolish, Terminate, Dissolve all mean to end something – they are antonyms, not synonyms.
Trick: Three options share one meaning ('end'); the one that stands apart from that group is the answer.
Answer: (B) Commence
अवधारणा: क्रिया के रूप में 'institute' का अर्थ है – किसी नियम/जाँच/योजना को शुरू करना या स्थापित करना।
हल:
- INSTITUTE = शुरू करना, स्थापित करना।
- Commence = आरंभ करना → यही अर्थ।
- Abolish, Terminate, Dissolve – तीनों का अर्थ 'समाप्त करना' है, यानी उल्टा अर्थ।
ट्रिक: तीन विकल्प एक ही अर्थ ('खत्म करना') वाले हैं; जो अलग है वही उत्तर है।
उत्तर: (B) Commence
Q4103.Fill in the blank with the most appropriate phrasal verb:
The teacher began to the exam papers to the students.
- Adeal out
- Bdeal with
- Cdeal in
- Ddeal off
Show answer
Concept: 'Deal out' = to hand out or distribute among people.
- The teacher is giving papers to every student → distributing.
- deal out = distribute ✔
- deal with = handle a problem; deal in = trade in goods; 'deal off' is not standard English.
Trick: Think of a card dealer who 'deals out' cards to each player – same action as handing out papers.
Answer: (A) deal out
अवधारणा: 'Deal out' का अर्थ है – लोगों में बाँटना/वितरित करना।
हल:
- शिक्षक हर छात्र को पेपर दे रहे हैं → बाँटना।
- deal out = बाँटना ✔
- deal with = किसी समस्या से निपटना; deal in = किसी चीज़ का व्यापार करना; 'deal off' मानक phrasal verb नहीं है।
ट्रिक: ताश बाँटने वाला खिलाड़ियों में पत्ते 'deal out' करता है – वैसे ही पेपर बाँटे जा रहे हैं।
उत्तर: (A) deal out
Q4104.Fill in the blank with the most appropriate phrase:
Facing unexpected financial losses, the company was forced to to stay afloat.
- Aspill the beans
- Btighten its belt
- Chit the road
- Dpull someone's leg
Show answer
Concept: 'Tighten one's belt' = cut down spending because money is short.
- Clue words: unexpected financial losses, stay afloat → need to save money.
- tighten its belt = reduce expenses ✔
- spill the beans = reveal a secret; hit the road = start a journey; pull someone's leg = joke with someone.
Trick: Money problem in the sentence → pick the money-saving idiom.
Answer: (B) tighten its belt
अवधारणा: 'Tighten one's belt' = पैसे की कमी के कारण खर्च घटाना।
हल:
- संकेत शब्द: financial losses, stay afloat → पैसे बचाने की ज़रूरत।
- tighten its belt = खर्च कम करना ✔
- spill the beans = राज़ खोलना; hit the road = यात्रा शुरू करना; pull someone's leg = मज़ाक करना।
ट्रिक: वाक्य में पैसे की समस्या है → खर्च बचाने वाला मुहावरा चुनें।
उत्तर: (B) tighten its belt
Q4105.Select the most appropriate synonym of the word: COGNITIVE
- AEmotional
- BPhysical
- CMental
- DSpiritual
Show answer
Concept: 'Cognitive' refers to thinking, understanding, learning and memory.
- COGNITIVE = connected with the mind's thinking process.
- Mental = of the mind ✔
- Emotional = feelings, Physical = body, Spiritual = soul – none is about thinking.
Trick: Cognition ≈ 'knowing'; whatever knows and thinks is the mind → Mental.
Answer: (C) Mental
अवधारणा: 'Cognitive' का संबंध सोचने, समझने, सीखने और याद रखने की मानसिक प्रक्रिया से है।
हल:
- COGNITIVE = मस्तिष्क/बुद्धि से जुड़ा।
- Mental = मानसिक ✔
- Emotional = भावनात्मक, Physical = शारीरिक, Spiritual = आध्यात्मिक – इनमें से कोई सोचने से संबंधित नहीं।
ट्रिक: Cognition यानी 'जानना' – जानने का काम मन करता है → Mental।
उत्तर: (C) Mental
Directions (Qs. 6-10): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
The concept of 'forest bathing', or shinrin-yoku, originated in Japan in the 1980s as a preventative health measure and a way to encourage people to reconnect with nature. It's not about strenuous hiking or intense exercise; rather, it's about mindfully immersing oneself in the atmosphere of the forest using all five senses. Participants are encouraged to walk slowly, breathe deeply, and consciously observe their surroundings - the scent of pine, the rustle of leaves, the feel of moss, the dappled sunlight, and the sounds of birds. This practice is believed to reduce stress hormones like cortisol, lower blood pressure, improve mood, and even boost the immune system by increasing the activity of natural killer (NK) cells. The beneficial effects are partly attributed to phytoncides, airborne chemicals emitted by trees and plants,
which have antimicrobial properties and appear to have a positive impact on human physiology. While often seen as a simple walk, forest bathing is a deliberate and sensory engagement with the natural world, fostering a sense of calm and well-being that modern urban life often lacks. It serves as a gentle reminder of our intrinsic connection to the environment and the healing power inherent in simply 'being' in nature.
Q4106.Where did the concept of 'forest bathing' originate ?
- AChina
- BJapan
- CKorea
- DIndia
Show answer
Concept: Direct-fact question: locate the line that names the place.
- Opening line: shinrin-yoku 'originated in Japan in the 1980s'.
- No other country appears in the passage.
Trick: 'Shinrin-yoku' is a Japanese term – the name itself points to Japan.
Answer: (B) Japan
अवधारणा: सीधा तथ्य वाला प्रश्न – गद्यांश में वह पंक्ति खोजें जहाँ स्थान बताया गया है।
हल:
- पहली पंक्ति: shinrin-yoku की शुरुआत 1980 के दशक में Japan में हुई।
- China, Korea, India का गद्यांश में कहीं ज़िक्र नहीं है।
ट्रिक: 'Shinrin-yoku' स्वयं एक जापानी शब्द है – नाम ही Japan की ओर इशारा करता है।
उत्तर: (B) Japan
Directions (Qs. 6-10): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
The concept of 'forest bathing', or shinrin-yoku, originated in Japan in the 1980s as a preventative health measure and a way to encourage people to reconnect with nature. It's not about strenuous hiking or intense exercise; rather, it's about mindfully immersing oneself in the atmosphere of the forest using all five senses. Participants are encouraged to walk slowly, breathe deeply, and consciously observe their surroundings - the scent of pine, the rustle of leaves, the feel of moss, the dappled sunlight, and the sounds of birds. This practice is believed to reduce stress hormones like cortisol, lower blood pressure, improve mood, and even boost the immune system by increasing the activity of natural killer (NK) cells. The beneficial effects are partly attributed to phytoncides, airborne chemicals emitted by trees and plants,
which have antimicrobial properties and appear to have a positive impact on human physiology. While often seen as a simple walk, forest bathing is a deliberate and sensory engagement with the natural world, fostering a sense of calm and well-being that modern urban life often lacks. It serves as a gentle reminder of our intrinsic connection to the environment and the healing power inherent in simply 'being' in nature.
Q4107.What is the primary focus of shinrin-yoku ?
- AStrenuous hiking and exercise.
- BMindfully immersing oneself in the forest atmosphere.
- CCollecting plants and specimens.
- DIdentifying different tree species.
Show answer
Concept: Look for the 'not X; rather Y' line – Y is the real focus.
- Passage: it is not about strenuous hiking or exercise …
- … rather, it is about mindfully immersing oneself in the forest atmosphere with all five senses.
- Collecting plants or identifying trees is never mentioned.
Trick: Option (A) is exactly what the passage rejects – eliminate it first.
Answer: (B) Mindfully immersing oneself in the forest atmosphere.
अवधारणा: 'not X; rather Y' वाली पंक्ति देखें – Y ही असली उद्देश्य है।
हल:
- गद्यांश: यह कठिन हाइकिंग या व्यायाम के बारे में नहीं है …
- … बल्कि पाँचों इंद्रियों से जंगल के वातावरण में ध्यानपूर्वक डूब जाने के बारे में है।
- पौधे इकट्ठा करना या पेड़ पहचानना कहीं नहीं लिखा।
ट्रिक: विकल्प (A) को गद्यांश स्वयं नकारता है – उसे सबसे पहले हटाएँ।
उत्तर: (B) Mindfully immersing oneself in the forest atmosphere.
Directions (Qs. 6-10): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
The concept of 'forest bathing', or shinrin-yoku, originated in Japan in the 1980s as a preventative health measure and a way to encourage people to reconnect with nature. It's not about strenuous hiking or intense exercise; rather, it's about mindfully immersing oneself in the atmosphere of the forest using all five senses. Participants are encouraged to walk slowly, breathe deeply, and consciously observe their surroundings - the scent of pine, the rustle of leaves, the feel of moss, the dappled sunlight, and the sounds of birds. This practice is believed to reduce stress hormones like cortisol, lower blood pressure, improve mood, and even boost the immune system by increasing the activity of natural killer (NK) cells. The beneficial effects are partly attributed to phytoncides, airborne chemicals emitted by trees and plants,
which have antimicrobial properties and appear to have a positive impact on human physiology. While often seen as a simple walk, forest bathing is a deliberate and sensory engagement with the natural world, fostering a sense of calm and well-being that modern urban life often lacks. It serves as a gentle reminder of our intrinsic connection to the environment and the healing power inherent in simply 'being' in nature.
Q4108.According to the passage, what are phytoncides ?
- AA type of forest animal.
- BStress hormones released by the body.
- CAirborne chemicals emitted by trees and plants.
- DMicrobes found in forest soil.
Show answer
Concept: Definition questions are answered by the words placed right after the term.
- Passage: '…phytoncides, airborne chemicals emitted by trees and plants'.
- They are antimicrobial – they are not animals, body hormones or soil microbes.
Trick: Option (B) mixes in 'stress hormones' (cortisol) from another line – a classic trap.
Answer: (C) Airborne chemicals emitted by trees and plants.
अवधारणा: परिभाषा वाले प्रश्न का उत्तर उस शब्द के ठीक बाद लिखी बात में मिलता है।
हल:
- गद्यांश: 'phytoncides' = पेड़-पौधों द्वारा हवा में छोड़े गए रसायन।
- इनमें antimicrobial गुण होते हैं; ये न जानवर हैं, न शरीर के हार्मोन, न मिट्टी के सूक्ष्मजीव।
ट्रिक: विकल्प (B) में दूसरी पंक्ति का 'stress hormones' (cortisol) मिलाया गया है – यह जाल है।
उत्तर: (C) Airborne chemicals emitted by trees and plants.
Directions (Qs. 6-10): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
The concept of 'forest bathing', or shinrin-yoku, originated in Japan in the 1980s as a preventative health measure and a way to encourage people to reconnect with nature. It's not about strenuous hiking or intense exercise; rather, it's about mindfully immersing oneself in the atmosphere of the forest using all five senses. Participants are encouraged to walk slowly, breathe deeply, and consciously observe their surroundings - the scent of pine, the rustle of leaves, the feel of moss, the dappled sunlight, and the sounds of birds. This practice is believed to reduce stress hormones like cortisol, lower blood pressure, improve mood, and even boost the immune system by increasing the activity of natural killer (NK) cells. The beneficial effects are partly attributed to phytoncides, airborne chemicals emitted by trees and plants,
which have antimicrobial properties and appear to have a positive impact on human physiology. While often seen as a simple walk, forest bathing is a deliberate and sensory engagement with the natural world, fostering a sense of calm and well-being that modern urban life often lacks. It serves as a gentle reminder of our intrinsic connection to the environment and the healing power inherent in simply 'being' in nature.
Q4109.Which of the following is NOT listed as a benefit of forest bathing ?
- ALowering blood pressure.
- BReducing stress hormones.
- CIncreasing natural killer cell activity.
- DImproving physical endurance.
Show answer
Concept: For a NOT question, tick each option against the passage; the one with no support is the answer.
- Lower blood pressure – stated ✔
- Reduced stress hormones (cortisol) – stated ✔
- More NK-cell activity – stated ✔
- Physical endurance – not stated ✘ (the passage even says it is not about exercise).
Trick: Three options are lifted word-for-word from one sentence; the odd one out is the answer.
Answer: (D) Improving physical endurance.
अवधारणा: NOT वाले प्रश्न में हर विकल्प को गद्यांश से मिलाएँ; जिसका आधार न मिले वही उत्तर है।
हल:
- रक्तचाप कम होना – लिखा है ✔
- तनाव हार्मोन (cortisol) घटना – लिखा है ✔
- NK cells की सक्रियता बढ़ना – लिखा है ✔
- शारीरिक सहनशक्ति (endurance) – कहीं नहीं ✘; गद्यांश कहता है यह व्यायाम नहीं है।
ट्रिक: तीन विकल्प एक ही वाक्य से लिए गए हैं; बचा हुआ अलग विकल्प उत्तर है।
उत्तर: (D) Improving physical endurance.
Directions (Qs. 6-10): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
The concept of 'forest bathing', or shinrin-yoku, originated in Japan in the 1980s as a preventative health measure and a way to encourage people to reconnect with nature. It's not about strenuous hiking or intense exercise; rather, it's about mindfully immersing oneself in the atmosphere of the forest using all five senses. Participants are encouraged to walk slowly, breathe deeply, and consciously observe their surroundings - the scent of pine, the rustle of leaves, the feel of moss, the dappled sunlight, and the sounds of birds. This practice is believed to reduce stress hormones like cortisol, lower blood pressure, improve mood, and even boost the immune system by increasing the activity of natural killer (NK) cells. The beneficial effects are partly attributed to phytoncides, airborne chemicals emitted by trees and plants,
which have antimicrobial properties and appear to have a positive impact on human physiology. While often seen as a simple walk, forest bathing is a deliberate and sensory engagement with the natural world, fostering a sense of calm and well-being that modern urban life often lacks. It serves as a gentle reminder of our intrinsic connection to the environment and the healing power inherent in simply 'being' in nature.
Q4110.What does the passage suggest is a key outcome of forest bathing for participants?
- AIncreased urban connectivity.
- BA heightened sense of competition.
- CA sense of calm and well-being.
- DEnhanced academic performance.
Show answer
Concept: Outcome questions are usually answered in the concluding lines.
- The closing lines say the practice brings calm and well-being – exactly what busy urban living is missing.
- Urban connectivity, competition and academic marks are not discussed.
Trick: Options with words like 'competition' clash with the passage's calm tone – reject them at once.
Answer: (C) A sense of calm and well-being.
अवधारणा: परिणाम वाले प्रश्न का उत्तर अक्सर गद्यांश की अंतिम पंक्तियों में होता है।
हल:
- अंत में लिखा है: forest bathing शांति और सुख-चैन (calm and well-being) की भावना देता है, जो शहरी जीवन में नहीं मिलती।
- शहरी जुड़ाव, प्रतिस्पर्धा या पढ़ाई में सुधार का ज़िक्र नहीं है।
ट्रिक: 'competition' जैसे शब्द गद्यांश के शांत भाव से मेल नहीं खाते – तुरंत हटाएँ।
उत्तर: (C) A sense of calm and well-being.
Q4111.Which of the following sentences uses the word "content" with the same meaning as in the following sentence ? She felt content after a productive day's work.
- AThe book's content was both informative and engaging.
- BHe was content to stay home and read.
- CThe table of contents listed all the chapters.
- DThe jar contained enough content for two servings.
Show answer
Concept: 'Content' (adjective, stress on -TENT) = satisfied; 'content' (noun, stress on CON-) = what is inside.
- Given sentence: 'felt content' → adjective = satisfied.
- (B) 'was content to stay home' → satisfied ✔
- (A), (C), (D) use the noun – matter inside a book/jar.
Trick: Replace the word with 'satisfied'; only option (B) still makes sense.
Answer: (B) He was content to stay home and read.
अवधारणा: 'Content' विशेषण (उच्चारण con-TENT) = संतुष्ट; संज्ञा (CON-tent) = अंदर की सामग्री।
हल:
- दिए गए वाक्य में 'felt content' → विशेषण = संतुष्ट।
- (B) 'was content to stay home' → संतुष्ट ✔
- (A), (C), (D) में संज्ञा है – किताब/जार के अंदर की सामग्री।
ट्रिक: शब्द की जगह 'satisfied' रखकर पढ़ें; केवल (B) में वाक्य सही बैठता है।
उत्तर: (B) He was content to stay home and read.
Q4112.Choose the correctly spelt word:
- ACandice
- BCandise
- CCoundice
- DCaundiece
Show answer
Concept: Pick the form that keeps the standard letter pattern without extra vowels.
- Candice = Can + dice – ends in '-ice' with a 'c'.
- Candise uses 's' in place of 'c'; Coundice and Caundiece add extra 'ou'/'au'/'ie'.
Trick: Options stuffed with extra vowel clusters (ou, au, ie) are usually the distorted ones.
Answer: (A) Candice
अवधारणा: मानक अक्षर-क्रम वाला, बिना अतिरिक्त स्वर का रूप चुनें।
हल:
- Candice = Can + dice – अंत '-ice' और 'c' से।
- Candise में 'c' की जगह 's' है; Coundice व Caundiece में फालतू 'ou'/'au'/'ie' जोड़े गए हैं।
ट्रिक: जिन विकल्पों में अतिरिक्त स्वर-समूह (ou, au, ie) भरे हों, वे प्रायः गलत होते हैं।
उत्तर: (A) Candice
Q4113.Choose the correctly spelt word:
- AArchaeology
- BArcology
- CArchology
- DArcholgy
Show answer
Concept: Archaeology = study of the human past through excavated remains; spelt with 'ae'.
- Break it: ARCH + AE + OLOGY.
- Arcology, Archology, Archolgy each lose letters ('h', 'ae' or 'o').
Trick: Same 'ae' as in aesthetic and encyclopaedia (British spelling) – the Greek 'ai' became 'ae'.
Answer: (A) Archaeology
अवधारणा: Archaeology = खुदाई में मिले अवशेषों से मानव अतीत का अध्ययन (पुरातत्व); इसमें 'ae' आता है।
हल:
- तोड़कर लिखें: ARCH + AE + OLOGY।
- Arcology, Archology, Archolgy – इनमें 'h', 'ae' या 'o' गायब है।
ट्रिक: 'ae' वैसे ही जैसे aesthetic और encyclopaedia में।
उत्तर: (A) Archaeology
Q4114.Choose the correct meaning of the idiom:
Blow hot and cold
- ATo experience extreme weather conditions
- BTo be indecisive or change one's mind frequently
- CTo serve both hot and cold beverages
- DTo act with great enthusiasm and then suddenly lose interest
Show answer
Concept: 'Blow hot and cold' = keep switching between two opposite opinions; be undecided.
- The idiom shows wavering – yes one moment, no the next.
- (A) and (C) read the words literally.
- (D) describes a one-time loss of interest, not repeated back-and-forth.
Trick: 'Hot ↔ cold' = flip-flop; look for the option that says 'changes mind repeatedly'.
Answer: (B) To be indecisive or change one's mind frequently
अवधारणा: 'Blow hot and cold' = कभी एक राय, कभी उसकी उलटी राय – अनिश्चित रहना।
हल:
- मुहावरा बार-बार डगमगाने को दिखाता है – कभी हाँ, कभी ना।
- (A) और (C) शब्दों का शाब्दिक अर्थ लेते हैं।
- (D) में एक बार उत्साह खत्म होने की बात है, बार-बार बदलने की नहीं।
ट्रिक: गरम ↔ ठंडा = पलटना; 'बार-बार मन बदलना' वाला विकल्प चुनें।
उत्तर: (B) To be indecisive or change one's mind frequently
Q4115.Select the most appropriate antonym of the word: EFFECTIVE
- AEfficient
- BPotent
- CFruitless
- DPowerful
Show answer
Concept: Effective = producing the intended result; its opposite = producing no result.
- Fruitless = without result, useless ✔ (opposite).
- Efficient, Potent, Powerful are near-synonyms of effective.
Trick: Three options are 'positive' words of the same family; the lone negative word is the antonym.
Answer: (C) Fruitless
अवधारणा: Effective = मनचाहा परिणाम देने वाला; इसका उल्टा = कोई परिणाम न देने वाला।
हल:
- Fruitless = निष्फल, बेकार ✔ (विलोम)।
- Efficient, Potent, Powerful – ये सब effective के समान अर्थ वाले हैं।
ट्रिक: तीन विकल्प एक ही सकारात्मक परिवार के हैं; अकेला नकारात्मक शब्द ही विलोम है।
उत्तर: (C) Fruitless
Q4116.Choose the correct one-word substitute for:
A person who studies atmospheric phenomena and processes, especially for weather forecasting.
- AHydrologist
- BSeismologist
- CMeteorologist
- DOceanographer
Show answer
Concept: Meteorology is the science of the atmosphere and weather; its expert is a meteorologist.
- Atmosphere + weather forecasting → Meteorologist ✔
- Hydrologist – water; Seismologist – earthquakes; Oceanographer – oceans.
Trick: Match the root: hydro = water, seismo = quake, ocean = sea, meteor(o) = sky/atmosphere.
Answer: (C) Meteorologist
अवधारणा: Meteorology = वायुमंडल और मौसम का विज्ञान; इसका विशेषज्ञ meteorologist (मौसम वैज्ञानिक) कहलाता है।
हल:
- वायुमंडल + मौसम पूर्वानुमान → Meteorologist ✔
- Hydrologist – जल; Seismologist – भूकंप; Oceanographer – महासागर।
ट्रिक: मूल शब्द देखें: hydro = जल, seismo = भूकंप, ocean = समुद्र, meteoro = आकाश/वायुमंडल।
उत्तर: (C) Meteorologist
Q4117.Choose the correct one-word substitute for:
An advocate of maintaining tradition, especially so as to resist change.
- ATraditionalist
- BConformist
- COrthodox
- DPermissive
Show answer
Concept: A person who supports keeping old customs and opposes change = traditionalist.
- 'Advocate of tradition' → Tradition + -ist ✔
- Conformist only follows the rules of the group; 'Orthodox' is an adjective (accepted belief); Permissive = allowing freedom – the opposite.
Trick: The definition literally contains 'tradition' – the noun with '-ist' (a person) fits.
Answer: (A) Traditionalist
अवधारणा: जो पुरानी परंपराओं को बनाए रखने का समर्थन करे और बदलाव का विरोध करे = traditionalist (परंपरावादी)।
हल:
- 'Advocate of tradition' → Tradition + -ist ✔
- Conformist सिर्फ समूह के नियम मानता है; Orthodox विशेषण है (रूढ़िवादी मत); Permissive = छूट देने वाला – उल्टा अर्थ।
ट्रिक: परिभाषा में ही 'tradition' शब्द है – व्यक्ति-सूचक '-ist' वाला रूप चुनें।
उत्तर: (A) Traditionalist
Q4118.Select the most appropriate synonym of the word:
Reticent
- AIntrovert
- BGregarious
- CExtrovert
- DCandid
Show answer
Concept: Reticent = reserved; not inclined to share thoughts or talk much.
- Introvert = reserved, quiet person ✔ (closest).
- Gregarious, Extrovert = sociable; Candid = frank and open – all opposite in sense.
Trick: Reticent sounds like 'retire into oneself' – the quiet, inward person = introvert.
Answer: (A) Introvert
अवधारणा: Reticent = संकोची, कम बोलने वाला, अपने विचार न बताने वाला।
हल:
- Introvert = अंतर्मुखी, शांत स्वभाव ✔ (सबसे निकट)।
- Gregarious, Extrovert = मिलनसार; Candid = स्पष्टवादी – तीनों उल्टे अर्थ के हैं।
ट्रिक: Reticent → 'अपने भीतर सिमटा हुआ' – यानी introvert।
उत्तर: (A) Introvert
Q4119.Change the following sentence into the Active form.
The results are hoped to be declared by the organisers soon.
- AThe organisers are hoping to declare the results soon.
- BThe organisers hope to be declaring the results soon.
- CThe organisers hope to declare the results soon.
- DThe organisers will be hoping to declare the results soon.
Show answer
Concept: Bring the 'by' agent to the subject position and keep the original tense.
- Agent: the organisers → subject.
- 'are hoped' (simple present passive) → 'hope'.
- 'to be declared' → 'to declare the results'.
- Active: The organisers hope to declare the results soon.
Trick: Tense check first: 'are hoped' is simple present, so reject 'are hoping' (A) and 'will be hoping' (D).
Answer: (C) The organisers hope to declare the results soon.
अवधारणा: 'by' के बाद वाले कर्ता को subject बनाएँ और काल (tense) वही रखें।
हल:
- कर्ता: the organisers → subject।
- 'are hoped' (simple present passive) → 'hope'।
- 'to be declared' → 'to declare the results'।
- Active: The organisers hope to declare the results soon.
ट्रिक: पहले tense जाँचें: 'are hoped' simple present है, इसलिए 'are hoping' (A) और 'will be hoping' (D) तुरंत हटाएँ।
उत्तर: (C) The organisers hope to declare the results soon.
Q4120.Select the option that expresses the given sentence in indirect voice.
The explorer announced, "We have been trekking through dense jungles for weeks, but the ancient city we have been searching for is now visible from this peak, and we will reach it by sundown."
- AThe explorer announced that they have been trekking through dense jungles for weeks, but the ancient city they have been searching for is now visible from this peak, and they will reach it by sundown.
- BThe explorer announced that they had been trekking through dense jungles for weeks, but the ancient city they had been searching for was then visible from that peak, and they would reach it by sundown.
- CThe explorer announced that they had been trekking through dense jungles for weeks, but the ancient city they have been searching for is now visible from this peak, and they would reach it by sundown.
- DThe explorer announced that they were trekking through dense jungles for weeks, but the ancient city they were searching for was then visible from that peak, and they would reach it by sundown.
Show answer
Concept: Past reporting verb → every tense goes one step back; now→then, this→that, we→they.
- have been trekking/searching → had been trekking/searching
- is now visible → was then visible; this peak → that peak
- will reach → would reach
- Only option (B) applies every change.
Trick: Scan for leftovers: any 'have', 'is', 'now' or 'this' in an option makes it wrong – (A) and (C) fail instantly.
Answer: (B) The explorer announced that they had been trekking … was then visible from that peak, and they would reach it by sundown.
अवधारणा: Reporting verb past में हो तो हर tense एक कदम पीछे जाता है; now→then, this→that, we→they।
हल:
- have been trekking/searching → had been trekking/searching
- is now visible → was then visible; this peak → that peak
- will reach → would reach
- ये सभी बदलाव केवल विकल्प (B) में हैं।
ट्रिक: विकल्प में 'have', 'is', 'now' या 'this' बचा रह गया हो तो वह गलत है – (A), (C) तुरंत बाहर।
उत्तर: (B) The explorer announced that they had been trekking … was then visible from that peak, and they would reach it by sundown.
