RRB ALP CBT 1 2025 PYQs

Concept: Under the National Quantum Mission (approved 2023, ₹6003.65 crore, DST) four Thematic Hubs were set up.

1. Quantum Computing – IISc Bengaluru.
2. Quantum Communication – IIT Madras (with C-DOT).
3. Quantum Sensing & Metrology – IIT Bombay.
4. Quantum Materials & Devices – IIT Delhi.

Short trick: Hook: 'Bengaluru computes, Madras talks, Bombay senses, Delhi builds.'

Answer: (B) Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru

Concept: Article 40 (Part IV, DPSP): the State shall organise village panchayats as units of self-government.

1. Art. 50 – separation of judiciary from executive; Art. 60 – President's oath; Art. 30 – minorities' right to run educational institutions.
2. Panchayats got constitutional status by the 73rd Amendment, 1992 (Part IX).

Short trick: Hook: 'Panch-ayat at 40' — 40 = village self-rule (Gandhian principle).

Answer: (D) Article 40

Concept: Article 16 guarantees equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.

1. Articles 14–18 form the Right to Equality.
2. Art. 16: no citizen can be discriminated against in public employment on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth or residence.
3. Hence the equality ensured is equality of opportunity.

Short trick: Art. 16 → “Job at 16” (public employment); Art. 17 abolishes untouchability, Art. 18 abolishes titles.

Answer: (D) Equality of opportunity

Concept: The Genome India data (10,000 whole genomes), released in January 2025, is housed at the Indian Biological Data Centre (IBDC), Faridabad.

1. The Genome India Project (DBT) sequenced 10,000 healthy Indians from 99 population groups.
2. Its data set was opened to researchers through IBDC, India’s national repository for life-science data.
3. IBDC is located at the Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad (Haryana).

Short trick: Hook: “India’s Bio Data Centre” = IBDC → stores India’s genome data.

Answer: (D) Indian Biological Data Centre

Concept: The National Gopal Ratna Award is the highest national award in the livestock and dairy sector, given by the Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying.

1. It honours dairy farmers rearing indigenous breeds, best dairy cooperatives/FPOs and best Artificial Insemination Technicians.
2. Winners for 2025 were announced in November 2025; the awards are presented on National Milk Day (26 November).
3. Rajyotsava (Karnataka state), CII Quality Ratna (industry) and Padma Shri (general civilian) are not sector awards for dairy.

Short trick: Hook: “Gopal = cow-keeper” → Gopal Ratna = dairy/livestock award; National Milk Day 26 Nov.

Answer: (C) National Gopal Ratna Awards

Concept: Article 76: the Attorney General of India is appointed by the President.

1. Must be qualified to be a Supreme Court judge.
2. Holds office during the pleasure of the President.
3. Has the right to speak in Parliament but cannot vote.

Short trick: Hook: “76 – AG – President”; for states, the Advocate General (Art. 165) is appointed by the Governor.

Answer: (B) The President of India

Concept: The Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Rules, 2025 were notified to operationalise the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023.

1. The DPDP Act, 2023 sets out rights of data principals and duties of data fiduciaries and creates the Data Protection Board of India.
2. The Rules, 2025 give the procedures (consent managers, breach intimation, Board functioning) needed to implement the Act.

Short trick: Rules always carry the same name as their parent Act: DPDP Rules → DPDP Act, 2023.

Answer: (A) Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023

Concept: Judicial review is the power of courts to examine whether a law is consistent with the Constitution.

1. Articles 13, 32 and 226 empower the Supreme Court (and High Courts) to strike down unconstitutional laws.
2. The Supreme Court is the final interpreter and guardian of the Constitution, so it finally decides constitutional validity.

Short trick: Memory hook: "Parliament makes, Executive implements, Supreme Court reviews".

Answer: (B) The Supreme Court of India through judicial review

Concept: Varuna is the bilateral naval exercise between the Indian Navy and the French Navy.

1. Started in 1993 (named "Varuna" since 2001).
2. The 2025 edition was held in March 2025 off the west coast of India, with carrier groups of both navies.
3. Other pairs: JIMEX – Japan, INDRA – Russia, Malabar – USA (with Japan, Australia).

Short trick: "Varuna – French vRance": Varuna ↔ France; Indra ↔ Russia.

Answer: (D) France

Concept: The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 (Part IXA, Articles 243P–243ZG) deals with urban local bodies.

1. Article 243Q: three types – Nagar Panchayat (transitional area), Municipal Council (smaller urban area) and Municipal Corporation (larger urban area).
2. Gram Sabha, Zila Panchayat and Block Panchayat belong to rural Panchayati Raj (73rd Amendment, Part IX).

Short trick: "73 = Village (Panchayat), 74 = Town (Municipality)" – 4 comes after 3, town comes after village.

Answer: (C) Municipality

Concept: The Third Schedule contains the forms of oaths or affirmations.

1. It covers Union ministers, candidates for and members of Parliament, Supreme Court judges, CAG, state ministers, MLAs and High Court judges.
2. (The President's and Vice-President's oaths are in Articles 60 and 69, not in this Schedule.)
3. First = States & UTs; Ninth = laws protected from judicial review (1st Amendment); Eleventh = Panchayats (29 subjects).

Short trick: Schedules 1–4 in order: States, Salaries, Oaths, Rajya Sabha seats – "S-S-O-R"; the O (Oath) is 3rd.

Answer: (C) Third Schedule

Concept: Andhra Pradesh announced India's first Quantum Computing Village at its capital Amaravati.

1. It is part of the "Amaravati Quantum Valley" plan, with IBM's quantum computer to be installed there.
2. It supports the National Quantum Mission (2023).

Short trick: "A for Amaravati, A for Andhra – Quantum Valley".

Answer: (C) Andhra Pradesh

Concept: The World Para Athletics Championships 2025 were held in New Delhi (Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium), 27 Sept – 5 Oct 2025.

1. It was the first time India hosted this championship
2. India achieved its best-ever medal haul at the event

Short trick: Hook: "Para-games at the capital" – Delhi, JLN Stadium.

Answer: (B) New Delhi

Concept: A provision of the Constitution can be changed only by a Constitutional Amendment under Article 368 (Part XX).

1. The amendment bill is passed by Parliament (special majority, and state ratification where required)
2. Ordinances, executive orders or court rulings cannot amend the Constitution text

Short trick: Hook: "3-6-8 = only Parliament can amend" – Article 368.

Answer: (C) Constitutional Amendment

Concept: The Lokpal of India observed its first Foundation Day ('Lokpal Day') on 16 January 2025.

1. Venue: Zorawar Auditorium, Manekshaw Centre, Delhi Cantonment.
2. 16 January marks the day the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013 came into force (2014).
3. Chief Justice of India Sanjiv Khanna was the chief guest.

Short trick: Hook: first Lokpal Day was held at an Army venue – the Manekshaw Centre named after Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw.

Answer: (B) Zorawar Auditorium, Manekshaw Centre, Delhi Cantt

Concept: Article 74 provides a Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister to aid and advise the President, who shall act according to that advice.

1. Art. 74 – Council of Ministers to aid and advise the President (advice binding after the 42nd Amendment).
2. Art. 75 – other provisions (appointment of PM and ministers).
3. Art. 70 – President's functions in other contingencies; Art. 84 – qualification for membership of Parliament; Art. 50 – separation of judiciary from executive.

Short trick: Hook: '74 – PM advises; 75 – PM appointed' (advice comes first, then the appointment details).

Answer: (B) Article 74

Concept: Article 37 (Part IV): DPSP are not enforceable by any court, yet fundamental in governance.

1. DPSP are non-justiciable; Fundamental Rights (Part III) are justiciable.
2. They do not override Fundamental Rights; courts only use them to interpret laws.

Short trick: Hook: “Part IV = Policy guidance, not Police enforcement” — Art. 37 says so in plain words.

Answer: (D) Are not enforceable by any court

Concept: The National Agro-RE Summit 2025 in New Delhi was organised by the National Solar Energy Federation of India (NSEFI).

1. Theme: using renewable energy (solar pumps, agri-PV) in agriculture, linked with PM-KUSUM.
2. Union Agriculture Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan addressed the summit.

Short trick: Hook: “Agro + RE (solar) → Solar federation (NSEFI)”.

Answer: (B) National Solar Energy Federation of India

Concept: Exercise Cyclone is the joint special-forces exercise of India and Egypt.

1. The 3rd edition, Exercise Cyclone 2025, was held from 10 to 23 February 2025.
2. Venue: Mahajan Field Firing Range, Rajasthan (desert and semi-desert terrain).
3. Focus: special-forces skills, counter-terror operations and interoperability.

Short trick: Cyclone from Egypt's desert to India's desert – Mahajan (Bikaner region), the same range used for many joint drills.

Answer: (B) Mahajan Field Firing Range, Rajasthan

Concept: The Public Accounts Committee (PAC) has 22 members.

1. 15 members are elected from Lok Sabha and 7 from Rajya Sabha (by proportional representation, single transferable vote).
2. Term: one year; the Chairman is appointed by the Lok Sabha Speaker (by convention from the opposition).
3. PAC examines the audit reports of the CAG on government spending.

Short trick: PAC = 15 + 7 = 22 (Estimates Committee = 30, all from Lok Sabha).

Answer: (B) 7