Q&A: practice questions with answers

Concept: Write the direct codes, then test each condition on the group 348@.

1. Direct codes: 3 = K, 4 = H, 8 = L, @ = A → K H L A.
2. First element 3 is a number and last element @ is a symbol → condition (i) applies: interchange the first and last codes.
3. Condition (ii) fails (last is not an odd number); (iii) fails (4 is not a perfect cube). Result: A H L K.

Trick: Check the first/last element type first – it decides (i) or (ii) at once.

Answer: (D) AHLK

Concept: Arrange the digits in ascending order and compare place by place.

1. Original: 7 2 3 4 1 6 9
2. Ascending: 1 2 3 4 6 7 9
3. Same place: 2 (2nd), 3 (3rd), 4 (4th) and 9 (7th) → 4 digits.

Trick: Write both numbers one under the other and tick matching columns.

Answer: (C) 4

Concept: Identify the highest and lowest numbers, pick the asked digits, then subtract in the stated order.

1. Numbers: 307, 485, 194, 237, 937. Highest $=937$, lowest $=194$.
2. Third digit of highest $=7$; first digit of lowest $=1$.
3. Third digit subtracted from first digit: $1-7=-6$.

Trick: "A subtracted from B" means $B-A$ – read the order carefully.

Answer: (C) −6

Concept: Draw the family tree from the statements.

1. Z is the wife of S, so S and Z are a couple.
2. M and C are daughters of S → M and C are sisters.
3. T is the daughter of C → C is T’s mother, so M is T’s mother’s sister (maternal aunt).

Trick: Sister of the mother = mausi = "Mother’s sister".

Answer: (A) Mother's sister

Concept: Find the shift applied to each letter of the first pair.

1. N→L, K→I, G→E, O→M: each letter moves −2.
2. Check: Q→O, N→L, J→H, R→P ✔ (−2 each).
3. T→R, Q→O, M→K, U→S → ROKS.

Trick: Same shift on every position → just subtract 2 from each letter.

Answer: (C) ROKS

Concept: Track the coordinates of each leg starting from Y at (0, 0).

1. 12 km north → (0, 12); left = west 2 km → (−2, 12).
2. Right = north 1 km → (−2, 13); left = west 14 km → (−16, 13).
3. Left = south 13 km → X (−16, 0): X is on the same line as Y, 16 km to its west.
4. So he must drive 16 km towards the east.

Trick: North total $12+1=13$ cancels south $13$; only the west moves $2+14=16$ remain.

Answer: (D) 16 km towards the east

Concept: Fix the definite clues first, then place the pairs of consecutive days.

1. V = Wednesday; only one exam after T → T = Saturday.
2. Free days: Mon, Tue, Thu, Fri, Sun. R–P must be consecutive with P not on Tuesday → R = Thu, P = Fri.
3. S–U consecutive → S = Mon, U = Tue; Q = Sun.
4. Between P (Fri) and Q (Sun): only T → one person.

Trick: Place "block" clues (two consecutive days) in the only gaps big enough for them.

Answer: (C) One

Concept: Change each digit as instructed and then read the required positions.

1. 1845637 → 1+1, 8−2, 4−2, 5+1, 6−2, 3+1, 7+1 = 2 6 2 6 4 4 8.
2. Second from left = 6; second from right = 4.
3. Sum $=6+4=10$.

Trick: Only the two required digits matter: 8 → 6 and 3 → 4.

Answer: (B) 10

Concept: Find the shift for each letter of the example pair.

1. U→S, Q→O, N→L, V→T: each −2.
2. Check: XTQY → VROW ✔.
3. R→P, N→L, K→I, S→Q → PLIQ.

Trick: Uniform −2 shift: subtract 2 from every letter.

Answer: (A) PLIQ

Concept: Check the differences between consecutive terms.

1. $277-254=23$, $254-221=33$ → differences increase by $10$.
2. Next difference $43$: $221-43=178$.
3. Check: $178-53=125$, $125-63=62$ ✔.

Trick: Differences $23,33,43,53,63$ – an arithmetic pattern.

Answer: (C) 178

Concept: A letter common to both words must have the digit common to both codes.

1. CURE → 3527; EATS → 1246.
2. Common letter: E. Common digit: 2.
3. So E = 2.

Trick: Common letter ↔ common digit.

Answer: (B) 2

Concept: For people facing the centre, moving to the left means moving clockwise and to the right means anticlockwise.

1. Place B; D is to B’s immediate right.
2. Going left from D, three people are skipped, so E is the 4th seat from D; C is placed with three people between B and C (the other side is taken by E).
3. F is immediately right of A: the only free adjacent pair gives F next to B and A next to F; G takes the last seat.
4. Order (clockwise): B, F, A, E, C, G, D. Left of A: E, C, G, D then B → four people.

Trick: Draw the circle first and fix one person; for "facing centre", left = clockwise.

Answer: (D) Four

Concept: Use the "only" clues to fix the extreme floors.

1. Only H lives below G → H = 1, G = 2.
2. Only I lives above S → I = 6, S = 5.
3. T immediately below S → T = 4; remaining N = 3.

Trick: "Only X below Y" puts Y on floor 2 and X on floor 1.

Answer: (B) N

Concept: Find the position differences between consecutive letters (counting backward, wrapping Z→A).

1. QJGB: Q→J −7, J→G −3, G→B −5.
2. HAXS: H→A −7, A→X −3 (wrap), X→S −5. BURM: B→U −7 (wrap), U→R −3, R→M −5.
3. TMJF: T→M −7, M→J −3, J→F −4 ✘ → odd one.

Trick: Treat the alphabet as a circle; check every gap, the odd one breaks only one gap.

Answer: (D) TMJF

Concept: Compare letter positions across the pair (with wrap-around after Z).

1. UP – CW: U→C +8, P→W +7. JE – RL: J→R +8, E→L +7.
2. BW – JD: B→J +8, W→D +7 (wrap).
3. DY – LE: D→L +8 but Y→E +6 ✘ → odd one.

Trick: Check first-letter and second-letter shifts separately; the odd pair breaks one of them.

Answer: (D) DY – LE

Concept: Oxygen in blood is carried by haemoglobin in red blood cells, and iron is the core of haemoglobin.

1. Iron deficiency → less haemoglobin → anaemia, i.e. reduced oxygen-carrying capacity (tiredness, pale skin).
2. Iodine deficiency causes goitre; Vitamin A deficiency causes night blindness; calcium deficiency affects bones and teeth.

Yaad rakhein: Iron → Haemoglobin → Oxygen; its deficiency = Anaemia.

Answer: (D) Iron

Concept: Frequency is the reciprocal of time period: $f=\frac{1}{T}$.

1. $T=0.01\text{s}$.
2. $f=\frac{1}{0.01}=100\text{Hz}$.

Trick: $T={10}^{-n}\text{s}\Rightarrow f={10}^n\text{Hz}$.

Answer: (D) 100 Hz

Concept: Article 124(2) says Supreme Court judges are appointed by the President after consultation with judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts as needed.

1. For appointing any judge other than the Chief Justice, consulting the Chief Justice of India is always mandatory.
2. In practice this works through the collegium headed by the CJI; UPSC or the Law Minister have no constitutional role here.

Yaad rakhein: Article 124(2) – CJI consultation is compulsory (collegium system).

Answer: (B) The Chief Justice of India

Concept: The National Commission for Women (NCW) is a statutory body set up in 1992 under the NCW Act, 1990.

1. In October 2024, the Centre appointed Vijaya Kishore Rahatkar, former Mayor of Aurangabad and ex-chairperson of the Maharashtra State Commission for Women, as NCW Chairperson for three years.
2. She succeeded Rekha Sharma.

Yaad rakhein: NCW Chairperson (Oct 2024) – Vijaya Rahatkar; first NCW chief – Jayanti Patnaik.

Answer: (B) Vijaya Kishore Rahatkar

Concept: The district court is the highest court in a district.

1. The same officer is called the District Judge when hearing civil cases.
2. When hearing criminal cases, he is called the Sessions Judge (can award even death sentence, subject to High Court confirmation).

Yaad rakhein: Civil → District Judge; Criminal → Sessions Judge.

Answer: (A) District Judge for civil cases and Sessions Judge for criminal cases