Q&A: practice questions with answers

Concept: Look at the differences between consecutive terms.

1. Differences: $8,10,12,14$ (increase by $2$)
2. Next difference $=16$ ⇒ $76+16=92$

Trick: Second differences constant ($2$) ⇒ add the next even number.

Answer: (D) $92$

Concept: Write the new arrangement under the original and compare place by place.

1. Original: 2 7 8 6 4 3 1
2. Ascending: 1 2 3 4 6 7 8
3. No position has the same digit ⇒ none

Trick: Here every digit shifts; compare column-wise, don’t guess.

Answer: (C) None

Concept: Track coordinates (East $+x$, North $+y$); every right turn from South goes West, then North, East, South.

1. A$(0,0)$ → South $5$: $(0,-5)$ → West $9$: $(-9,-5)$
2. → North $13$: $(-9,8)$ → East $11$: $(2,8)$ → South $8$: $(2,0)=$ P
3. P is $2$ km east of A ⇒ drive $2$ km to the West

Trick: Net E–W: $11-9=2$ east; net N–S: $13-5-8=0$.

Answer: (A) $2$ km to the West

Concept: Facing north, left–right are as seen; fix the definite clues first.

1. Only P to the right of K ⇒ K $6^{\text{th}}$, P $7^{\text{th}}$
2. One person between I and K ⇒ I $4^{\text{th}}$
3. Two between J and I ⇒ J $1^{\text{st}}$ ($7^{\text{th}}$ is taken)
4. L < Q < R in seats $2,3,5$ ⇒ L $2$, Q $3$, R $5$
5. Between R and L: Q, I ⇒ $2$

Trick: Start with the “only” clue – it fixes the end seats.

Answer: (D) Two

Concept: Number the letters of the first word $1234$ and find the position pattern of each step.

1. SACK → CSAK: $3,1,2,4$; CSAK → KCAS: $4,1,3,2$ of the new word
2. LEAP → ALEP → PAEL follows the same ✓
3. GOLD → LGOD ($3,1,2,4$) → DLOG ($4,1,3,2$) ✓

Trick: Test option B: EMIT → MEIT is $2,1,3,4$ ✗ – reject at the first step.

Answer: (C) GOLD - LGOD - DLOG

Concept: Seven seats numbered $1$–$7$ from the left (all face north).

1. F $6^{\text{th}}$ from right ⇒ seat $2$; two between E and F ⇒ E seat $5$
2. A right of E, left of G ⇒ A $6$, G $7$
3. D third to the left of C, seats $1,3,4$ free ⇒ D $1$, C $4$, B $3$
4. Right of B: C, E, A, G ⇒ $4$

Trick: With $7$ seats, “$6^{\text{th}}$ from right” $=2^{\text{nd}}$ from left.

Answer: (B) Four

Concept: Number the letters $1234$ and find the rearrangement in each step.

1. SAVE → EASV: $4,2,1,3$; EASV → AVSE: $2,4,3,1$ of the new word
2. CROW → WRCO → ROCW fits ✓
3. JUST → TUJS ($4,2,1,3$) → USJT ($2,4,3,1$) ✓

Trick: Check the first step for all options: only JUST → TUJS keeps “U” in 2nd place with last letter first.

Answer: (D) JUST - TUJS - USJT

Concept: Number positions $1$ (top) to $7$ (bottom) and place definite boxes first.

1. No box below E ⇒ E at $7$; two between C and E ⇒ C at $4$
2. Only A above B ⇒ A $1$, B $2$
3. D above F above G in $3,5,6$ ⇒ D $3$, F $5$, G $6$
4. Between A ($1$) and G ($6$): B, D, C, F ⇒ $4$

Trick: “Only A above B” fixes the top two at once.

Answer: (A) $4$

Concept: The letter common to both words takes the code common to both codes.

1. MEAT → 4, 2, 5, 7; TURN → 1, 3, 6, 5
2. Common letter: T; common digit: 5 ⇒ T = 5

Trick: One common letter ↔ one common digit.

Answer: (B) $5$

Concept: Identify the largest and smallest numbers, then pick the required digits.

1. Largest $=6367$ ⇒ first digit $6$
2. Smallest $=1276$ ⇒ second digit $2$
3. $6\times 2=12$

Trick: Compare first digits only: $6$ is largest, $1$ is smallest.

Answer: (A) $12$

Concept: Swap the signs first, then apply BODMAS.

1. Swap $+\leftrightarrow \times$ and $-\leftrightarrow ÷$: $46÷2-10\times 3+24$
2. $=23-30+24=17$

Trick: Rewrite the full expression before calculating.

Answer: (B) $17$

Concept: Look at the differences between consecutive terms.

1. Differences: $55,50,45,40$ (decreasing by $5$)
2. Next difference $=35$ ⇒ $98-35=63$

Trick: Subtract multiples of $5$ going down: $55,50,45,40,35$.

Answer: (C) $63$

Concept: “All X are Y” puts circle X fully inside circle Y.

1. Grapes ⊂ Oranges ⊂ Melons
2. I: Oranges are inside Melons, so some melons are oranges ✓
3. II: Grapes inside Oranges inside Melons ⇒ all grapes are melons ✓

Trick: All + All ⇒ All (chain), and “All A are B” always gives “Some B are A”.

Answer: (A) Both conclusions (I) and (II) follow

Concept: Change only the even digits, then read positions from each end.

1. 95423671: even digits $4,2,6$ become $3,1,5$ ⇒ 95313571
2. Third from left $=3$; third from right $=5$
3. Product $=3\times 5=15$

Trick: Odd digits stay the same; only $2,4,6,8,0$ change.

Answer: (D) $15$

Concept: Convert both positions to the same end: from left $=N-(\text{from right})+1$.

1. Harman from left $=38-15+1=24$
2. Hinal $=13$ from left
3. Between $=24-13-1=10$

Trick: Between two positions $=$ difference $-1$.

Answer: (C) $10$

Concept: Chemical weathering changes the chemical composition of rocks; physical (mechanical) weathering only breaks them without changing composition.

1. Hydration (water added to minerals), Oxidation (reaction with oxygen, e.g. rusting of iron minerals) and Carbonation (reaction with carbonic acid, e.g. limestone dissolving) are chemical processes.
2. Frost action (frost wedging) – water freezes in cracks, expands about 9% and splits the rock – a purely physical process.

Yaad rakhein: Temperature/ice/salt crystals → physical; water, oxygen, CO₂ reactions → chemical.

Answer: (A) Frost Action

Concept: DAY-NRLM (Aajeevika) is the Ministry of Rural Development's flagship programme for rural poverty reduction through women's Self-Help Groups (SHGs).

1. It was launched in June 2011 as the National Rural Livelihoods Mission, restructuring the older Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY).
2. In 2015 it was renamed Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – NRLM; the renaming year is not the launch year.

Yaad rakhein: NRLM → 2011 (rural, MoRD); NULM → 2013 (urban).

Answer: (A) 2011

Concept: Bhagirath Majhi (Manjhi) led the Kharwar (Sapha Har) movement among the Santhals in the 1870s.

1. He called himself the 'Raja' (king) of the Santhals, asked them to stop paying rent to zamindars and to give up impure practices.
2. His promise was that, if they followed him, the old tribal (Santhal) raj – their own kingdom with their lost rule – would be restored.

Yaad rakhein: Bhagirath Majhi = self-proclaimed Santhal king → promise of restored tribal kingdom.

Answer: (A) Restoration of tribal kingdoms

Concept: An Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) is an unmanned, self-guided submarine robot used for long underwater missions.

1. DRDO's NSTL, Visakhapatnam, developed the High Endurance AUV (HEAUV) for the Navy for underwater surveillance – mine detection and anti-submarine/ocean monitoring over long durations.
2. It is not a missile platform, crew-training device or oil-exploration tool.

Yaad rakhein: NSTL = naval underwater systems (torpedoes, AUVs) → surveillance.

Answer: (A) Underwater surveillance

Concept: In an agrarian economy like colonial India, land was the main source of wealth, so who owned land showed how income was distributed.

1. Permanent Settlement and zamindari created a small class of big landlords while most cultivators were tenants or landless labourers.
2. Literacy was very low, wages were not uniform and irrigation was not equitable – options B, C, D describe equality, the opposite of inequality.

Trick: Inequality indicator must show something unequal – only option A does.

Answer: (A) Unequal land ownership patterns